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Development of a sustainable Cu-nano-cutting fluid based on rice bran oil for superior heat management and wear reduction
Consolidation behaviour of AZ80 magnesium chips: influence of compaction pressure and holding time on porosity, interfaces and mechanical response
Abstract Solid-state recycling of magnesium alloys relies on effective pre-compaction to convert loose machining chips into dense precursors suitable for downstream processing. This study investigates the consolidation mechanisms of AZ80 Mg chips containing residual water-based lubricants, compacted in a single-action hydraulic press without prior cleaning. The compaction pressure, holding time, and pressure evolution were analyzed to determine their influence on briquette quality. The findings demonstrated that holding time, rather than peak pressure, was the governing factor for densification. Extended holding promoted internal stress redistribution and geometric adaptation, facilitating pore collapse and yielding green densities of ~ 91–92% with uniform axial distribution, while short holding times limited effective stress transmission, resulting in heterogeneous density gradients. Microstructural analysis revealed that while native oxide barriers persisted, preventing full metallurgical bonding, extended holding achieved sub-micron interfacial spacing and effective geometric closure. Hardness mapping indicated that shorter holding times retained higher hardness values (~ 110–116 HV), consistent with high localized work hardening and incomplete stress redistribution. In addition, compression tests revealed that stiffness was governed by interfacial integrity rather than bulk density. Therefore, samples with superior geometric sealing exhibited significantly higher stiffness (2964 MPa) compared to denser samples with poorer interfacial locking. These results indicate that optimizing interfacial contact through load maintenance is critical for producing stable briquettes, providing a pathway for robust solid-state recycling of AZ80 alloys.
Unraveling hierarchical penetration mechanisms and coupling relationships of safety risks in major transportation infrastructure construction using text mining and complex networks
Correction: Immuno-transcriptomic analysis based on machine learning identifies immunity signature genes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Time-of-day differences in daily functioning in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Experimental study on the influence of synchronous grouting in shield tunneling on an upper existing tunnel in sandy soil stratum
Feature importance guided autoencoder for dimensionality reduction in intrusion detection systems
Abstract Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a vital role in protecting computer networks from malicious activities. Dimensionality reduction techniques are commonly employed to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of machine learning based IDS. In this study, we proposed an effective dimensionality reduction technique called feature importance-based autoencoder (FI-AE) for intrusion detection systems. Our proposed approach encompasses several key components. First, we introduce a novel feature importance method known as one-versus-all feature importance (OVA), which utilizes a random forest algorithm. Next, we train an autoencoder model using a weighted loss function that takes into account the feature importance values obtained through the OVA method. Finally, we utilized the trained autoencoder to reduce the number of features in the benchmark datasets, followed by the application of a random forest classifier to the reduced datasets. We tested our proposed model using three well-known datasets, namely NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15, and CIC-IDS2017. The experiments revealed that the random forest classifier, combined with our proposed model, outperformed previous dimensionality reduction techniques in terms of accuracy and F1-score.
Chitosan-dextran sulfate nanocapsules for enhanced tigecycline efficacy against non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica
Abstract Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen found worldwide. Resistance to tigecycline (TGC) has been increasingly reported. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) with high efflux pump activity necessitates the development of efficient drug delivery systems. This study investigates the potential of tigecycline-loaded chitosan-dextran sulfate (CD-TGC) nanocapsules to combat NTS in vitro and in vivo mouse peritonitis model. Antimicrobial susceptibility and efflux pump activity of NTS isolates were tested. S. enterica serotype Bredeney isolates that showed high efflux index and high multiple antibiotic resistance index were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS), revealing numerous resistance genes, including APH(3’’), Mar A, Ma rB, Mar R, Alr , Ddl , dxr , Bcr C, AcrAB-TolC, AcrAD-TolC, gid B, Gdp D, Pgs A, H-NS, and Oxy R. Additionally, the presence of resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pumps, major facilitator superfamily (MFS), and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux pumps were confirmed. CD-TGC demonstrated significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC 0.5–1 µg/mL) against NTS strains compared to tigecycline (TGC) alone (MIC 32–128 µg ̸mL). CD-TGC decreased MIC 7-fold, from 128 to 1 µg/mL, in one S. Typhimurium strain. In the other 11 strains, CD-TGC reduced the TGC MIC 6-fold, from 64 to 1 µg/mL ( n = 6) and 32 to 0.5 µg/mL ( n = 5). Time-kill assays confirmed enhanced bactericidal activity. Furthermore, CD-TGC downregulated the expression of ramA and acrB efflux pump genes. In a mouse model of S. Typhimurium infection, CD-TGC treatment effectively reduced bacterial burden in the liver and intestine, minimized liver and kidney function alterations, and decreased mortality rates compared to tigecycline and unloaded CD nanocapsules. The survival rates of mice were 100% in the CD-TGC treatment group and 40% in the TGC treatment group. Histopathological analysis confirmed reduced tissue damage in the CD-TGC-treated group. The findings indicate that CD-TGC nanocapsules offer a promising drug delivery strategy for treating intracellular Salmonella infections, overcoming resistance mechanisms and improving treatment outcomes where tigecycline alone is less effective.
Research on the predicted height of water-conducting fracture zones based on the BO-RFR model and SHAP analysis
Types and frequency of preanalytical errors occurring in the hematology laboratory at Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital, North Central, Ethiopia, 2025
Machine learning-based assessment of soil organic carbon dynamics in soybean–wheat rotations in eastern China
Ischemic preconditioning modulates iron metabolism, acute inflammatory and neurotrophic responses to anaerobic exercise in untrained individuals: a randomized controlled trial
Reduced chick performance makes supernormal clutches maladaptive in a shorebird
Abstract Life-history theory predicts a trade-off between the number and quality of offspring, and that clutch sizes may be adjusted in relation to environmental conditions. In many bird species, however, clutch size is remarkably consistent, in which case factors constraining clutch size evolution are more debated. A classic example is found in shorebirds (Charadriiformes), where clutch size is typically fixed at four eggs across species and environments. Here, we experimentally enlarged clutches of Common Ringed Plovers Charadrius hiaticula to test the hypothesis that clutch sizes are constrained by parental incubation capacity. While most previous tests of this idea compared hatching success between clutch sizes, often with mixed results, we also investigated potential post-hatching effects. We found that chicks from enlarged clutches were consistently smaller during the first two weeks of their lives and showed higher mortality rates compared to control chicks. Although hatching success was relatively unaffected, enlarged clutches experienced reduced mass loss indicating slower embryonic growth, required longer incubation periods and hatched more asynchronously than controls. These findings suggest that laying an extra egg would be a waste of resources, with negative effects outweighing potential benefits. Our results highlight the potential importance of previously overlooked post-hatching constraints in shaping clutch size evolution in shorebirds.
Clinical relevance of partial HPV genotyping in cervical cancer screening
Abstract Partial human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping is increasingly used to triage high-risk (HR)-HPV-positive women in national cervical cancer screening. This study evaluated whether separate triage for HPV genotypes 16 and 18 could enhance the effectiveness of Finland’s program. Data from 76,482 women participating in primary HPV screening in Tampere and surrounding municipalities (2012–2023) were analyzed. Partial genotyping identified HPV16, HPV18, and 12 other HR-HPV-types, and the association between genotype and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (HSIL +) detection was assessed. Among 6031 HR-HPV-positive women, HSIL + prevalence was highest in HPV16-positive women (37.3%) followed by HPV18 (26.0%) and other HR-HPV types (20.3%). HSIL + detection declined with age: 26.2%(age < 45), 15.9%(age 45–50), and 11%(age > 50)( p < 0.001). HPV16 showed the highest persistence upon re-testing (69.6% single; 84.6% co-infections), compared to 53.8% for other HR-HPV types. Among women with NILM cytology, HPV16 infections conferred a significantly higher risk of HSIL + compared to infections with other HR-HPV types. This risk was evident for both single HPV16 infection (OR 2.41;95%CI:1.55–3.75) and HPV16 coinfections (OR 3.86;95%CI:2.14–6.96). These findings support the integration of age-specific strategies and partial HPV16/18 genotyping into Finland’s screening program. A refined triage model, including immediate colposcopy referral for HPV16/18-positive women, could improve patient management and screening efficiency.