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Abstract 63: A Proof of Concept of Trustworthy Social Media Health Influencers: a Collaboration with the American Heart Association to Promote Cardiovascular Health among Hispanics and Latinos

Objective: Trustworthy influencers may promote health content on social media. As no definition of such influencers exists, we aimed to identify their attributes to pilot and evaluate a Hispanic/Latino-centered cardiovascular health Instagram campaign led by a model case and an American Heart Association (AHA) ambassador, compared to other health organizations. Methods: A priori frameworks, Walker and Avant’s concept analysis, and literature reviews identified attributes of Trustworthy Social Media Health Influencers , guiding selection of a model case (@dr.mauriciogonzalez). The social media-adapted hierarchy of effects model and Spanish transcripts on the AHA’s Life’s Essential 8™ guided the Instagram campaign. Three pairs of reels (Control Cholesterol; Eat Better/Manage Weight; Be More Active) were posted concurrently on the AHA’s (@american_heart; Chief Medical Officer for Prevention as ambassador) and model case’s accounts (October 8–12, 2024). A collaborative reel on all Life’s Essential 8™ (October 14) linked both accounts (model case as ambassador). Engagement (likes, comments, shares, and saves) and watch time were tracked for 4 weeks, with Instagram polls assessing user willingness to change behaviors. We assessed Instagram engagement, [likes + comments / followers] × 100, and influencer/Spanish content in the past 3 months for 4 other health organizations. Results: The identified attributes of a Trustworthy Social Media Health Influencer were: 1) evidence-based content, 2) professional credentials, 3) authentic content aligned with credentials, 4) avoidance of commercial conflicts of interest, and 5) ≥1,000 followers. The collaborative reel outperformed AHA’s individual reels and the model case’s Control Cholesterol reel, with 186 and 1.5 times more engagement and 243 and 1.6 times more watch time, respectively. Its poll responses (618) were ≤206 times higher than for AHA’s reels, with 100% of responders indicating willingness to change behaviors. AHA’s content had higher engagement (59.5%) than the American Diabetes Association, Endocrine Society, Obesity Society, and National Lipid Association (2.2–15.8%); none of the latter posted Spanish content. Conclusion: Cardiovascular health promotion for Hispanics/Latinos may benefit from underutilized collaborations between Trustworthy Social Media Health Influencers and stakeholder organizations. Consensus on these influencers’ attributes and controlled replication of our strategy are warranted.

Hypoxia and aspirin additively increase intracellular glutamine accumulation in PIK3CA-mutated colorectal cancer cells

Abstract Aspirin exhibits potential as a repurposed agent for preventing and treating cancer, specifically PIK3CA -mutated (MT) colorectal cancer. However, the fundamental biological reasons for the particular antitumor activity of aspirin against PIK3CA -MT colorectal cancer are not yet fully elucidated. We have previously established that aspirin relates to glutamine metabolism in PIK3CA -MT colorectal cancer. In evaluating the antitumor effects of aspirin, it is essential to consider the tumor growth environment, such as hypoxia. The impact of the tumor microenvironment on aspirin efficacy remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which hypoxia influences aspirin- associated intracellular glutamine accumulation in PIK3CA -MT colorectal cancer cell lines. Connectivity Map analysis was used to explore the associations of aspirin with biological pathways in HT-29 ( PIK3CA -MT) cells. RNA sequencing was performed on PIK3CA -wild type (WT)/mutant isogenic SW48 cell lines to assess aspirin’s effects under hypoxic conditions. Targeted metabolomics was employed to measure intracellular glutamine levels in PIK3CA -MT HCT116 cells following aspirin treatment and hypoxic stimulation. Bioinformatic analysis revealed associations of aspirin with amino acid metabolism and hypoxic pathways. Under hypoxic conditions, aspirin enhanced amino acid uptake in PIK3CA -MT cells. Targeted metabolomics showed that aspirin treatment and hypoxic stimulation additively upregulated intracellular glutamine levels in PIK3CA -MT cells. This increase was reversed by V-9302, an inhibitor of the glutamine transporter ASCT2, which demonstrated antitumor potential in combination with aspirin. Our findings suggest that the combination of aspirin and hypoxia significantly enhances intracellular glutamine accumulation in PIK3CA -MT colorectal cancer under hypoxic conditions, emphasizing glutamine metabolism as a potential therapeutic target to enhance aspirin’s efficacy.

Phage-steering permits antibody-mediated clearance of E. coli K1 from the gut

Abstract MPWE46: Changes in Plasma Imidazole Propionate and Long-term Successful Weight Loss in Response to Dietary Interventions: POUNDS Lost trial

Introduction: Imidazole propionate (ImP), a histidine-derived metabolite produced by gut microbiota, has been recently linked to the risk of cardiovascular events. Hypothesis: We tested whether temporal changes in circulating ImP were associated with long-term weight loss outcomes among adults with overweight or obesity in a weight-loss dietary intervention trial. Methods: This study included 597 participants (58% women; mean (SD) age 51.6 (9.0) years) from the 2-year weight loss dietary intervention called the POUNDS Lost trial. We measured plasma ImP levels at baseline and 6 months, and changes were calculated. The primary outcomes were change in body weight and waist circumference over 2 years. Long-term successful weight loss was defined as weight loss of –5% or more at 1 year and 2 years compared to the initial body weight; the probability of achieving successful weight loss was calculated using logistic regression. Results: Before the interventions, a higher ImP level at baseline was related to higher body mass index and estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. A greater decrease in ImP levels in response to the interventions was significantly associated with greater reductions of body weight (β per 1 SD decrease of log-transformed ImP = –1.17 kg, SE 0.25, p <0.001) and waist circumference (β = –0.82 cm, SE 0.27, p =0.003) after adjusting for covariates, including the initial ImP levels. We also found that the initial (6-month) decrease in ImP levels was significantly associated with the long-term (2-year) reductions of body weight (β = –0.89 kg, SE 0.38, p =0.021) and waist circumference (β = –0.84 cm, SE 0.39, p =0.032). Greater initial decrease in ImP levels was significantly associated with 1.5 and 1.3 times higher probability of achieving long-term successful weight loss at 1 year and 2 years, respectively ( p <0.05) Conclusions: Decrease in circulating ImP levels in response to dietary interventions was associated with long-term successful weight loss among adults with overweight and obesity, suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for weight management.

Abstract 29: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes are Associated with Higher Blood Pressure Response to Exercise and Shorter Exercise Duration after Pregnancy: The CARDIA Cohort

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes are sex-specific risk factors for maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise (i.e. when BP rises more steeply than expected given the workload) can reveal underlying abnormalities that are not evident at rest. BP response to submaximal exercise may represent the hemodynamic burden of daily activity and is associated with CVD independent of resting BP but has not been examined in women following pregnancy. Our objective was to examine the association between an adverse pregnancy outcome in a first birth and exercise response in the years after delivery in women in the CARDIA study. Methods: Included participants were nulliparous at baseline and reported a first birth prior to either the year 7 or year 20 symptom-limited graded exercise test (GXT). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were combined into a composite outcome including preterm birth, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia. If more than one birth occurred prior to the GXT, only the first birth was defined as the exposure. Linear regression estimated the association between an adverse pregnancy outcome in a first birth and 1) systolic and diastolic BP at stage 2 of a modified Balke protocol (3.4 miles/hour at a 6% incline; workload=6.4 METs) and 2) total duration of exercise. BP models were adjusted for baseline BP; all models were adjusted for age and time between delivery and GXT. Results: Parous women completing a GXT at the year 7 (n=311) or 20 (n=220) CARDIA exam with stage 2 data were included. After adjustment, women with an adverse pregnancy outcome had higher stage 2 systolic and diastolic BP while total GXT duration was shorter than women with uncomplicated pregnancy (Table). Conclusions: Women who experienced an adverse pregnancy outcome in a first birth had a less favorable exercise response: higher stage 2 BP and shorter exercise duration in a GXT. These results suggest that women exposed to an adverse pregnancy outcome may have a greater cumulative BP load even if they have normal resting BP. Exercise response may be a useful tool to stratify risk in women following pregnancy. Acknowledgements: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) is supported by contracts 75N92023D00002, 75N92023D00003, 75N92023D00004, 75N92023D00005, and 75N92023D00006 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Additional support was provided by the CARDIA Fitness Study (R01 HL078972 to BS).

Secretoglobin Felis Domesticus 1 (Fel d 1) specific immunoglobulin E in diagnosis of patients with respiratory allergy to cats

Abstract Cat allergy is a common cause of respiratory allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Secretoglobin Felis domesticus 1 (Fel d 1) is the major cat allergen, widely distributed in the environment and difficult to avoid. Measuring Fel d 1-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE) provides an important diagnostic approach for evaluating sensitisation and disease severity. The present study assessed the diagnostic value of allergen-specific IgE to secretoglobin Fel d 1 in Egyptian adult patients with respiratory allergy sensitised to cats. This cross-sectional study included 35 patients with clinical diagnoses of asthma and/or allergic rhinitis, all positive for cat dander by skin prick test (SPT). Complete blood count, total IgE, and serum Fel d 1-sIgE (measured using ImmunoCAP) were performed. Of the 35 patients, 40% tested positive for Fel d 1-sIgE. Positive Fel d1 -sIgE was significantly associated with older age, history of cat exposure, and family history of allergy ( p  < 0.05). Patients with positive Fel d 1-sIgE levels showed significantly higher total IgE, leukocyte, and eosinophil counts. Fel d 1-sIgE levels were positively correlated with asthma and allergic rhinitis severity. ImmunoCAP Fel d 1-sIgE testing accurately differentiates true cat allergy from cross-sensitization. This study represents one of the first regional data utilizing this method in an Egyptian cohort, enhancing diagnostic precision, assessing disease severity, and supporting personalized treatment strategies.

Post-synthetically modified crown ether-based supramolecular framework for efficient radium sequestration

Abstract TH951: Association between post-traumatic stress disorder and hypertension among adults in Puerto Rico

Background: Research on military and refugee populations has connected post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to an increased risk of hypertension, but little is known about this link in civilians. Adults in Puerto Rico experience a high rate of hypertension and face chronic stressors, making this an important population to study. Hypothesis: Adults in Puerto Rico with PTSD have higher odds of hypertension and related outcomes—such as being undiagnosed, uncontrolled, or using antihypertensive medications—compared with those without PTSD. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 1,516 adults (aged 30-75 years) in the Puerto Rico Observational Study of Psychosocial, Environmental, and Chronic Disease Trends (PROSPECT) cohort. PTSD was assessed using the abbreviated PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version. Hypertension was defined according to the 2025 ACC/AHA guidelines, using measured systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Secondary outcomes included diagnosis, control, medication use, and awareness of hypertension. Adjusted logistic regression models estimated the odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) for the association between PTSD and hypertension, adjusting for age, sex at birth, employment status, educational attainment, household income, urban/rural residence, marital status, ever living outside of Puerto Rico for ≥1 year, family history of hypertension, current use of antidepressants, smoking status, alcohol consumption, sleep difficulty, body mass index, and hypertension medication use. Psychological factors (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress) were subsequently added individually. Results: PTSD prevalence was 27.1%, and hypertension prevalence was 54.0%; 33.6% were uncontrolled, and 55.3% undiagnosed. After adjustment, PTSD was associated with higher odds of hypertension vs. normal blood pressure (1.31; 1.03, 1.70). Associations were attenuated after accounting for psychological stressors (Table 1). PTSD was further related to undiagnosed vs. diagnosed hypertension (1.52; 1.19, 1.96), antihypertensive medication use vs. no use (1.37; 1.07, 1.77), and uncontrolled vs. normal blood pressure (1.77; 1.26, 2.49). Conclusions: In this study of adults in Puerto Rico, PTSD was consistently associated with hypertension-related outcomes, particularly being undiagnosed and uncontrolled. The role of other psychosocial factors should be explored. Mental health should be an integral part of hypertension prevention and management strategies.

Abstract TH829: Physician Perspectives and Barriers to Tirzepatide Use in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity

Background: The SUMMIT trial showed that Tirzepatide (TZP) reduces cardiovascular deaths or worsening heart failure (HF) events and improves quality of life in adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity, supporting incretin-based therapy as a disease-modifying approach. Despite these findings, adoption in clinical practice may be limited due to prescriber concerns, knowledge gaps, and system-level barriers. Methods: Cross-sectional REDCap surveys were sent to physicians across different training levels (N=60) at an academic medical center. Items assessed included experience prescribing GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for any indication, familiarity with SUMMIT trial results, provider confidence, perceived effectiveness of TZP for patients with HFpEF and obesity, and barriers to prescription. Results: Respondents were internal medicine residents (65.0%) and attendings (35.0%), all with HF management experience. Most (61.7%) had prescribed GLP-1 RAs, but only 43.3% for HFpEF and obesity. Knowledge gaps were noted, with 40.0% aware of the SUMMIT trial and 33.3% having formal GLP-1 RA training. Confidence varied: 50.0% felt confident or very confident prescribing GLP-1 RAs for any indication, decreasing to 35.0% for HFpEF and obesity. Perceived effectiveness was reflected by 58.4% rating TZP very effective and 60.0% indicating it could substantially improve quality of life. Safety perceptions of TZP consisted of 76.6% viewing the benefits outweighing the risks and would likely prescribe it if covered by insurance. The majority of respondents cited financial and insurance barriers (85.0%); more specifically, 88.2% reported high out-of-pocket costs and 86.3% identified lack of coverage or high co-pays. Other barriers included provider knowledge (40.0%), institutional logistics (25.0%), clinical concerns (23.3%), and patient factors (16.7%). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that physicians recognize TZP as an effective, safe intervention for managing HFpEF and obesity. However, prescribing TZP remains constrained by financial barriers, coverage gaps, and knowledge deficits. High out-of-pocket costs highlight systemic inequities, while rapidly emerging data has outpaced clinical guidelines, resulting in inconsistent workflows. To address these challenges, we propose targeted educational initiatives on TZP use in select patients, coupled with institutional pathways to streamline prior authorization and insurance approval.

Concurrent validation of OpenCap for identifying ACL re-injury risk factors during a drop jump test in a healthy cohort

Abstract 3D motion analysis (3DMA) can help identify patients at increased risk of ACL re-injury, but traditional marker-based systems have limited clinical accessibility. OpenCap, a novel, low-cost, markerless system, aims to enhance accessibility to 3DMA. This study evaluated the concurrent validity of a modified OpenCap version using a 2-DOF knee model for kinematics, while kinetics and ground reaction forces were derived using the native 1-DOF model, compared to a marker-based system. Twenty-four healthy participants performed 240 drop jumps, with data simultaneously captured by both systems. Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), maximum error, Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman plots, and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were used to analyze inter-system differences. RMSE exceeded 6° for frontal-plane knee kinematics with strong waveform correlations ( r  > 0.90). Transverse-plane hip moments showed normalized MAE < 1% with weak to strong negative correlations. Sagittal-plane knee moments had normalized MAE of 5.6% and strong correlations ( r  > 0.90). Vertical GRFs showed normalized MAE > 6% and strong correlations ( r  > 0.90). SPM identified significant differences across most ground contact phases, and Bland-Altman analyses showed wide agreement limits for knee moment asymmetry at initial contact. OpenCap currently cannot be recommended for ACL re-injury risk assessment but demonstrated potential for increasing 3DMA accessibility.

Frequency-dependent topological polaritons in carbon nanotube array/hBN heterostructures

Abstract Plasmons in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted significant attention due to their strong spatial confinement and high-quality factors. However, constrained by CNTs’ intrinsic electronic characteristics, modulation of their plasmon dispersion relations remains a significant challenge. Here, we report frequency-dependent topological polaritons arising from the coupling between hyperbolic plasmons and phonon polaritons in CNT-array/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) heterostructures. In particular, we achieved a controllable topological transition of the polariton wavefront from hyperbolic to elliptical. Moreover, we demonstrated a whispering-gallery polaritonic mode confined in closed-loop CNT array on hBN. Our findings provide fundamental insights into optical topological transitions in low-dimensional heterostructures, and a promising route to manipulate light propagation and energy transfer at the nanoscale.

Abstract WE483: Trends in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality Among Young Asian Adults Aged 25–44 Years in the United States, 2018–2023: A CDC WONDER Analysis

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of mortality globally. Given rising cardiovascular risk in younger populations, targeted surveillance in specific demographic subgroups is essential. This study examines IHD-related mortality trends among Asian adults aged 25–44 in the United States using CDC WONDER data from 2018 to 2023. Methods: We procured data from the CDC Multiple Cause of Death database. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) for Asian males and females aged 25–44 years were calculated using ICD-10 codes for ischemic heart disease (I20–I25). Temporal trends in AAMRs were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to estimate average annual percent changes (APCs) by sex and overall. Piecewise linear regression was used to identify trend shifts, with a focus on changes before and after 2020. Results: From 2018–2023, 1,799 ischemic heart disease (IHD) deaths occurred among young Asian adults (271 females, 1,528 males). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) ranged from 4.4–5.5 per 100,000, peaking in 2020. Males had consistently higher AAMRs (8.1–9.7) than females (1.1–1.9). Joinpoint regression showed a nonsignificant upward trend in females (APC +3.7%, p=0.09) and a stable trend in males (APC +0.0%, p=0.99). No significant change was seen overall (APC +0.7%, p=0.72). A significant decline in females was observed after 2020 (p=0.0408), followed by a nonsignificant rise post-2022 (p=0.3520). Significant post-2020 declines were also seen in males (p=0.0193) and the total population (p=0.0152) [Fig 1]. Conclusion: IHD mortality among young Asian adults remained largely unchanged, although slightly upward trend in females is observed at break points in 2022 which is non significant. Ongoing surveillance and research are needed to identify emerging sex-specific risk factors and inform early prevention strategies.

Abstract WE515: Obesity and Overweight Surveillance through Population-based Measurements in Adults: Italian Health Examination Survey 2023-2025 - CUORE Project

Introduction: WHO recommends to halt the rise of obesity in the population by 2025 (baseline 2010) and suggests to monitor targets by periodic health examination surveys (HESs). In Italy HESs data, collected within the CUORE Project with the support and funds of Ministry of Health– CCM, were used to monitoring the obesity trend. A new survey started in 2023 and is still ongoing, promoted and financed by the Ministry of Health – CCM and the European Commission through JACARDI. Hypothesis: This analysis aims to assess if Italy can meet the obesity WHO target in the general adult population using data measured in the periodic HESs conducted within the CUORE Project. Methods: In the period 2023-2025 a new HES including anthropometric assessment is being implemented. Up to now, data from random samples of residents in 17 Regions (out of 20 regions) distributed in North, Centre and South of Italy are available (1730 men, 1749 women aged 35-74 years). Weight and height were measured using standardized methods. Insufficient physical activity was defined as less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity per week. Statistics were standardized by Italian 2024 age-sex distribution. Results: Prevalence of measured obesity (BMI>=30 kg/m 2 ), overweight (25<=BMI<30 kg/m 2 ) and normal weight (18.5<=BMI<25 kg/m 2 ) was 24% (95% confidence interval: 20-28%), 47% (43-52%), 29% (25-33%) in men, and 23% (19-27%), 31% (27-36%), 43% (38-48%) in women. Mean level of measured BMI was 27.7 kg/m 2 (27.3-28.1kg/m 2 ) in men and 26.6 kg/m 2 (26.1-27.1kg/m 2 ) in women. Obesity had a tendency to be higher in persons with insufficient physical activity (28% - 21-35% in men; 26% - 20-32% in women) compared to those with sufficient physical activity (21% - 16-26% in men; 21% - 15-26% in women), and in persons with primary or secondary school education (30% - 22-38% in men; 32% - 23-40% in women) compared to those with higher educational level (21% - 16-26% in men; 20% - 16-24% in women). Conclusions: In 2023-2025, preliminary obesity prevalence resulted similar to HES data of 15 ago both in men and women, and tendentially higher compared to 5 years ago especially in men. However, 71% of men and 54% of women are in the overweight/obesity condition. Preventive actions at national and community level should be still massively implemented.

Study on corrosion behavior and mechanical performance degradation prediction of bolts in high mineralized corrosion environment

Recurring marine phosphorus spikes during major palaeozoic mass extinctions and climate change

Abstract Mass extinctions in the early Palaeozoic have been attributed to global climate change and ocean anoxia with elevated phosphorus (P) proposed as a key driver. However, this hypothesis has lacked geochemical support due to the absence of proxies that can reconstruct changes in marine P availability. Focusing on the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction (LOME) and the Late Devonian Mass Extinction (LDME), we present carbonate-associated phosphate (CAP) data from seven globally distributed sections, providing a proxy record for seawater P variation across these events. Our data reveal short-lived, globally coherent P pulses that coincided with both events. These transient P surges align with biodiversity loss, widespread anoxia, and seawater temperature declines, suggesting a link between P flux, ocean anoxia, and global climate shifts, as supported by biogeochemical model results. These findings provide an empirical connection between brief marine P pulses and ecological crises during the LOME and LDME.

Abstract TH864: Lipidomic Signatures of Insulin Resistance and Risk of Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study in American Indians

Background: To identify lipidomic signatures of insulin resistance (IR) and their associations with the risk of diabetes in American Indians. Methods: We used untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify1,542 lipid species (518 known) in fasting plasma samples from 1,438 Strong Heart Family Study participants attending two exams (∼5.5 years apart between 2001-2003 and 2006-2009), with follow-up extending up to 16 years. IR was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Participants in the top HOMA-IR tertile were classified as IR, and those in the bottom tertile as insulin-sensitive (IS). We first identified IR-associated lipid species using mixed-effects logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, study center, education, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, lipid-lowering medication use, and visit time (baseline vs. follow-up). We then examined the independent associations of these lipids with incident diabetes. Finally, mediation analyses were performed to assess the extent to which these lipids mediated the relationship between IR and diabetes. Results: We identified 675 lipid species (269 known), predominantly glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingomyelins, which were significantly associated with IR (FDR<0.05). Specifically, twelve lipids, mainly glycerolipids, were associated with an increased 5.5-year risk of diabetes (ORs per 1-SD increase: 1.20 to 2.12). Of these, eight lipids also showed an increased risk at 16-year follow-up (ORs per 1-SD increase: 1.33 to 1.82). Mediation analysis further indicated that four lipids mediated the positive association between IR and diabetes risk (mediated proportions range: 8.6% to 18.9%). Conclusion: We have identified robust lipidomic markers of IR that are independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes, suggesting a key mediating role in the IR-diabetes pathway.

Abstract TH869: Association between extremely high HDL cholesterol level and mortality among alcohol consumers

Background: Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels driven by alcohol consumption may not be cardioprotective and have been linked to higher mortality risk. We investigated the association between extremely high HDL-C levels and all-cause mortality across alcohol drinking status among hypertensive adults. Methods: We analyzed 20,381 hypertensive participants from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT) Study. Extremely high HDL-C levels were defined as a serum HDL-C levels ≧ 90 mg/dL. Alcohol drinking status was assessed using a supervised questionnaire. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality. Results: At baseline, the mean age was 60.00±7.53 years, 59.00% were female, and 1.44% were identified as having extremely high HDL-C levels. During a median follow-up of 4.48 (4.01, 4.71) years, 615 patients died. We found a J-shape association between HDL-C levels and all-cause mortality, with the risk significantly elevated among those with extremely high HDL-C levels. Compared to participants with a moderate HDL-C levels (men: 40-59 mg/dL; women: 50-59 mg/dL), those with extremely high HDL-C levels had 121% increased risk of all-cause mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.21 (95% CI, 1.36-3.58; p =0.001). Notably, such an association was only significant among current drinkers and was null in never drinkers. Conclusions: Extremely high HDL-C levels were only associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality among hypertensive adults who are current drinkers, but not among never drinkers.

Application of a complex Si–Al–Fe reducing agent for the production of a nickel-containing alloy

Abstract To address the significant environmental challenges and technological limitations of conventional carbothermic ferronickel production, this study presents and optimizes an innovative metallothermic smelting process employing a complex silicon–aluminum–iron reducing agent (ferrosilicoaluminum, FeSiAl). For the first time, a comprehensive methodology integrating thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling, experimental design, and pilot-scale validation smelting has been applied to optimize the production of a nickel-containing alloy from lateritic ores of the Batamsha deposit (Kazakhstan). Thermodynamic modeling (HSC Chemistry) demonstrated that the combined use of Si and Al creates more favorable conditions for NiO reduction compared with their separate application, as evidenced by more negative ΔG values and higher equilibrium constants over the investigated temperature range (100–1600 °C). Kinetic analysis based on non-isothermal thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) revealed a pronounced synergistic effect: the FeSiAl system exhibits the lowest apparent activation energy (16.15 kJ mol −1 , which is 57% and 68% lower than those for ferrosilicon and aluminum-containing slag, respectively. This indicates a substantially enhanced reducibility and lower kinetic limitations. Process optimization was achieved through thermodynamic modeling in FactSage combined with a second-order rotatable central composite design (CCD). This approach enabled the development of predictive response surface models and the determination of optimal process parameters: smelting temperature of 1300–1350 °C, FeSiAl addition of 10 wt%, and lime flux addition of 38–40 wt%. Validation smelting experiments conducted in a laboratory ore-thermal electric furnace confirmed the accuracy of the model, yielding 9.5 kg of a multicomponent alloy with the following composition (wt%): Fe 70.0, Ni 8.0, Si 17.0, Cr 3.5, and Al 0.8. The accompanying slag exhibited a technologically favorable composition (wt%): SiO 2 48.6, CaO 36.4, Al 2 O 3 10.2, and MgO 4.5, with a very low residual nickel oxide content (NiO 0.1%), confirming the high reduction efficiency. The recovery rates of iron and chromium into the metallic phase were 71% and 83%, respectively. The resulting Fe-Ni-Si-Cr-Al alloy is proposed as a potential master alloy for steelmaking or as a reducing agent in metallurgical processes. The developed FeSiAl-based metallothermic process represents an energy-efficient and environmentally more sustainable alternative to conventional carbothermic technology.

Copper-hydroxyl interactions drive water-promoted copper surface oxidation and mobility

Abstract TH845: Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Sudden Cardiac Death in the General Population Using EHR Data: An Innovative Approach to Prevention

Background: The vast majority of sudden cardiac death (SCD) cases occur in the general population with few known risk factors instead of just patients already identified to be at high risk, making the prediction of SCD very difficult. Therefore, a screening tool should be developed to facilitate early identification. Methods: To estimate the risk of SCD, we trained and validated a machine learning model on electronic health records (EHR) data covering 17,172,359 drug prescriptions and 1,639,057 hospital diagnoses up to five years prior to SCD. The data were obtained from a cohort of 12,338 SCD cases in Greater Paris and 12,338 controls from 2011 to 2015. We then validated the results on two external cohorts: a temporal cohort in the same area from 2016 and 2020 with 11,620 SCD cases and 11,620 controls and a geographical cohort from the University of Washington (Seattle, USA) with 892 SCD cases and 892 controls from 2013 to 2021. Results: In the five years preceding the SCD, cardiovascular diagnoses were prevalent in only a few patients, scarce in many patients, and totally nonexistent for 25.7% of subjects. Our model achieved an AUC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.80–0.82) in the validation cohort. The prediction model discriminated SCD from the general population, especially in the highest decile, where the model detected 26% and 33% of all SCD in the Paris and Seattle datasets, respectively. Our prediction model was specific to SCD and was not predictive of myocardial infarction. In addition to classical cardiovascular risk factors, various non-cardiovascular drugs and diagnoses contributed to the prediction model. Conclusion: We propose a prediction model designed to identify individuals at high risk of SCD among the general population. When combined with EHR, this artificial intelligence model could be utilized as an efficient screening tool.