Browse Articles

Predicting post-stroke functional outcome using explainable machine learning and integrated data

Abstract Functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) varies widely, and existing prognostic scores may not capture complex relationships. We evaluated a diverse set of clinical characteristics and blood biomarkers with multiple machine learning models to predict 3-month functional outcome after AIS, and used explainable artificial intelligence to identify key drivers of performance. Models were trained on 506 patients aged 18–69 years with AIS enrolled at four stroke units in western Sweden. We compared extreme gradient boosting, multilayer perceptron (MLP), and L1- and L2-regularized logistic regression. Feature importance was assessed with Shapley additive global explanations. Of the 506 patients, 105 had an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score > 2). All models showed high area under the curve (AUROC, 0.900–0.906). The MLP achieved the highest precision–recall performance (AUPRC, 0.773 ± 0.080) and sensitivity (0.655 ± 0.096), though with lower specificity (0.920 ± 0.035). Stroke severity (NIH Stroke Scale score) was the dominant predictor across models. Among biomarkers, brain-derived tau (BD-tau) was most informative, followed by inflammation-related plasma proteins. In conclusion, machine learning accurately predicted functional outcome after AIS. BD-tau and inflammation-related proteins contributed predictive information above stroke severity, suggesting a potential for blood biomarkers to enhance individualized prognostication after AIS.

A content and quality analysis on open online platform videos on do not resuscitate (DNR)

Toxic effect of organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) on hematological, biochemical, enzymatic and histological parameters in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Sauvage, 1878)

Abstract This study evaluated the impact of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on haematological parameters, enzymatic activity, biochemical indices, and tissue histology of striped catfish ( Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ). Fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos-20 EC (T1: 0.0106 mg L −1 and T2: 0.0212 mg L −1 ), along with a control group (0.0 mg L −1 ), for 45 days. The 96-h LC₅₀ value of chlorpyrifos-20 EC was determined as 0.106 mg L −1 . Blood and tissue samples were collected on days 15, 30, and 45 for analysis. CPF exposure caused a significant decline in RBCs count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, total protein, albumin, and globulin, while WBCs count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, serum glucose, and triglycerides were elevated. Serum enzymatic activities acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) showed significant ( p  < 0.05) alterations, and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) were markedly reduced in treated groups. Histopathological alterations in the gill, liver, and kidney were more pronounced in T2 than in T1. Overall, CPF exposure induced severe haematological, biochemical, enzymatic, oxidative stress, and histological disturbances in striped catfish, indicating its potential risk to fish health and aquatic ecosystems.

Antimicrobial use at the end of life: a retrospective cohort study

Elucidating the Acidic and Textural Properties of ZMQ-1, a 28-membered Ring Mesoporous Aluminosilicate Zeolite

CEP72 promotes malignant progression and shapes the tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: integrated multi-cohort bioinformatics and in vitro validation

Bioprospecting Italian biodiversity for identifying potential neuroprotective agents

In vitro comparative evaluation of disinfectant-loaded nanoparticles against biofilm-forming Vibrio spp. isolated from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Abstract This study evaluated the in vitro efficacy of antimicrobial and antibiofilm of three disinfectant-loaded nanoparticles (AgNPs-H₂O₂, CuNPs-Virkon S, and CuNPs-TH 4 ) against Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio fluvialis, isolated from naturally infected gilthead seabream in Egypt. Qualitative Congo red assay showed that V. fluvialis isolates were strong biofilm producers, whereas V. alginolyticus showed limited phenotypic variation. Quantitative assay results, analyzed with a Mann–Whitney U test, showed no statistically significant difference in overall biofilm biomass between V. alginolyticus and V. fluvialis isolates (U = 157.0, p  = 0.175). Seasonal variation affected biofilm formation, peaking in summer. CuNPs-TH4 exhibited the highest antibiofilm effect, significantly reducing the biomass ( p  < 0.01). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was significantly different between disinfectants ( p  < 0.001), with CuNPs-TH 4 having the highest MIC values, followed by AgNPs-H₂O₂ and CuNPs-Virkon S. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values showed that AgNPs-H₂O₂ had the most consistent bactericidal activity in 85.4% of isolates tested (defined by MBC/MIC ≤ 4). A significant association was observed between MIC values and Vibrio species (p = 0.002). Molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes revealed a high prevalence of sul , cat , and mphA , with V. alginolyticus exhibiting a broader resistance profile than V. fluvialis . These findings highlight the in vitro potential of nanotechnology-enhanced disinfectants, within the limitations of nanoparticle-only testing, as exploratory alternatives for controlling biofilm-associated Vibrio infections in aquaculture.

Simulation study on the vibration compaction process of concrete paving

Analysis of Fahliyan Reservoir Fractures by combining conventional petrophysical logs and FMI image log in an oil field in Southwest Iran

Optimizing landfill siting for small towns in developing countries

Major life changes following psychedelic use: A retrospective survey among people using psychedelics naturalistically

Identification of circadian-regulated genes for enhancing acidic soil tolerance in rice through integrative transcriptomic and systems analysis

Performance evaluation of the octopus-type reconfiguration technique to mitigate solar partial shading

CRIP1 functions as an oncogene in acute myeloid leukemia by modulating glycolytic metabolic reprogramming

Therapeutic potential of asparagus polysaccharide in bladder cancer treatment via modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling

Organochlorine pesticide residues monitoring and human health risk evaluation in agricultural crops from Ilam Province, Southwest of Iran

Identification of biomarkers in myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis via integrated transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic profiling

Study on roadway deformation and control method under large mining height conditions

Abstract Focusing on the S1212 working face in Ningtiaota coal mine, this study investigates a soft mold filling wall as a primary support strategy for gob-side entry retention. The research aims to overcome the challenges of poor rock stability and complex support requirements under hard roof and large mining height conditions. A structural mechanical model of the surrounding rock was developed, from which a quantitative relationship between the support resistance of the soft mold filling wall and mining height was analytically derived. Numerical simulations were conducted to systematically investigate the effects of varying mining heights and wall widths on wall vertical stress, solid coal rib stress, and roadway deformation, thereby elucidating the load-bearing behavior of the wall and identifying optimal wall widths for different mining heights. The results demonstrate that: (1) At a constant mining height, vertical stress within the wall decreases progressively with increasing wall width, whereas at a constant wall width, increasing the mining height markedly amplifies vertical stress. (2) With increasing wall width, the solid coal rib peak stress decreases and its maximum shifts deeper into the rock mass, in contrast, under larger mining heights, the peak stress intensifies and migrates toward shallower zones. (3) Across varying mining heights, roadway floor heave exhibits an overall reduction with increasing wall width, however, the mitigation effect plateaus once the wall width surpasses a critical threshold. Integrating theoretical derivation with numerical analysis, the optimal wall width for the S1212 working face was determined as 1.4 m. Field validation further demonstrated that when the working face advanced 80 m, deformation of the surrounding rock stabilized, with a convergence deformation of 48.8 mm, thereby ensuring effective roadway stability control.

Catalytic, electrocatalytic and sensing roles of O–Mn+ and N–N intermolecular interactions between nitrogen oxides and dihydrazone