Browse Articles

A deterministic platform for engineering interfacial phenomena in porous media using artificially structured rough surfaces

Neoadjuvant Taxane Plus Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab With or Without Carboplatin in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: The Randomized Noninferiority Phase III neoCARHP Trial

PURPOSE The neoCARHP aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of investigator-selected taxane (docetaxel, paclitaxel, or nab-paclitaxel) plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab, with carboplatin (TCbHP) or without carboplatin (THP), in stage II and III human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer. METHODS The neoCARHP was a multicenter, randomized, phase III, noninferiority study. Eligible patients were women age 18 years or older with previously untreated, stage II and III, HER2-positive invasive breast cancer. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive six 3-week cycles of TCbHP or THP. The primary end point was pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in the breast and axilla (ypT0/is ypN0) in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population (all randomly assigned patients receiving at least one dose of study treatment). Safety was evaluated in all patients who received any study treatment. RESULTS Between April 30, 2021, and August 27, 2024, 774 patients were randomly assigned and 766 were included in the mITT population (382 in THP and 384 in TCbHP). pCR was achieved in 245 (64.1% [95% CI, 59.1 to 69.0]) patients in the THP group and 253 (65.9% [60.9-70.6]) in the TCbHP group (absolute difference, –1.8% [95% CI, –8.5 to 5.0]; odds ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.69 to 1.25]; P noninferiority = .0089). The THP group had fewer grade 3 and 4 adverse events (20.7% v 34.6%) and serious adverse events (1.3% v 4.7%) than the TCbHP group. The most common grade 3 and 4 adverse events with THP were neutropenia (6.8% v 16.4% with TCbHP), leukopenia (5.5% v 14.8%), and diarrhea (2.6% v 4.2%). No treatment-associated deaths occurred. CONCLUSION THP provided noninferior pCR rates and improved tolerability compared with TCbHP. Omitting carboplatin may be applicable in HER2-positive breast cancer.

Machine learning-assisted design of carbon nanotube edge computing circuits for monolithic epidermal systems

Saturated and Anisotropic Magnetostriction in an Altermagnet

Quantitative assessment of microstructural damage in paediatric aortic coarctation tissue during benchtop balloon angioplasty and stenting

First-line (1L) camizestrant (CAMI) for emergent <i>ESR1</i> mutations ( <i>ESR1</i> m) in advanced breast cancer (ABC): Final progression-free survival 2 (PFS2) from the phase III SERENA-6 trial.

LBA1007 Background: CAMI is a next-generation SERD and complete ER antagonist. SERENA-6 enrolled patients (pts) with HR+/HER2− ABC receiving 1L aromatase inhibitor (AI) + CDK4/6i and without disease progression. Switching to CAMI, with continued CDK4/6i, at ESR1 m emergence during 1L AI + CDK4/6i significantly improved PFS (HR: 0.44 [95% CI: 0.31–0.60]; p&lt;0.0001; median follow-up: 12.6 mo). Here, we report the final PFS2 results. Methods: SERENA-6 was powered for PFS (primary endpoint) and the key secondary endpoint of investigator-assessed PFS2 (time from randomization to the earliest of disease progression after first subsequent therapy or death). Pts had scans to assess PFS2 every 8–12 weeks after first progression. PFS2 analysis was planned after ~158 PFS2 events (77% power to detect HR of 0.65) and analyzed using an adjusted log-rank test and a 2-sided significance level of ~5%. Chemotherapy/ADC-free survival was a secondary endpoint. Results: 157 pts were randomized to CAMI + CDK4/6i and 158 pts to AI + CDK4/6i. After 23.5 mo median follow-up (data cutoff: Jan 3, 2026), median PFS2 was 25.7 mo with CAMI + CDK4/6i vs 19.1 mo with AI + CDK4/6i; statistically significant improvement, HR: 0.63 (95% CI: 0.46–0.86); p=0.00373 (Table). Endocrine-based therapy was the most common first subsequent treatment (CAMI + CDK4/6i arm, 55.2%; AI + CDK4/6i arm, 66.7%). CAMI + CDK4/6i prolonged chemotherapy/ADC-free survival (HR: 0.64 [95% CI: 0.47–0.87]; nominal p=0.00375; Table) and TTD in GHS/QoL (0.48 [0.31–0.76]); nominal p&lt;0.001). PFS benefit with CAMI + CDK4/6i was maintained with longer follow-up (Table); 30-mo PFS rate was 30.4% vs 2.7% with continued AI + CDK4/6i. PFS benefit was not impacted by common co-mutations ( PIK3CA in 41.3% of pts, HR: 0.44 [95% CI: 0.28–0.68]; TP53 in 25.4% of pts, 0.49 [0.30–0.82]). At 30% maturity, OS HR was 0.87 (0.57–1.30). Safety was consistent with previous results. Conclusions: Switching to CAMI + CDK4/6i at ESR1 m emergence continued to result in PFS benefit, with approximately a third of pts still progression-free at 30 mo. PFS benefit was maintained beyond first progression; PFS2 was significantly improved and the clinically meaningful endpoint of chemotherapy/ADC-free survival was prolonged vs continuing AI + CDK4/6i. These results continue to support a switch to CAMI + CDK4/6i for pts with ESR1 m during 1L therapy to delay disease progression and deteriorations in QoL. Clinical trial information: NCT04964934 . DCO3 CAMI + CDK4/6i (n=157) AI + CDK4/6i (n=158) HR (95% CI) PFS Events, n (%)Median, mo24-mo rate, %30-mo rate, % 99 (63.1)16.834.930.4 124 (78.5)9.214.22.7 0.45 (0.34–0.59); p&lt;0.00001 PFS2 Events, n (%)Median, mo24-mo rate, %30-mo rate, % 80 (51.0)25.750.841.5 90 (57.0)19.136.329.7 0.63 (0.46–0.86); p=0.00373 Chemotherapy/ADC-free survival Events, n (%)Median, mo 85 (54.1)22.6 98 (62.0)18.7 0.64 (0.47–0.87); nominal p=0.00375

Glassy dynamics in active epithelia emerge from an interplay of mechanochemical feedback and crowding

Correction to “Thiocyanate “Passivation” Unlocks Highly Selective and Efficient Acidic CO ₂ Electroreduction to CH ₄ on Cu-Based Catalysts”

Hierarchical semantic extraction and heterogeneous graph neural networks for event-driven time series forecasting

Osimertinib with/without chemotherapy in patients with persistent ctDNA EGFR mutant (EGFRm) NSCLC at 3 weeks after 1L osimertinib: A randomized phase II study (FLAME study).

LBA101 Background: Persistent plasma ctDNA EGFR mutations (EGFRm) at 3 weeks after first-line osimertinib predict poor outcomes in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Though osimertinib plus chemotherapy outperformed osimertinib alone in the FLAURA2 trial, it remains unclear whether patients(pts) with persistent ctDNA EGFR mutations can benefit from this combination therapy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of osimertinib plus chemotherapy versus osimertinib monotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic EGFRm NSCLC pts with persistence plasma ctDNA EGFRm at 3weeks of 1L osimertinib monotherapy. Methods: FLAME study is a multicenter, randomized controlled, phase II study in advanced NSCLC with EGFR Ex19del/L858R mutation who retain detectable plasma ctDNA EGFRm after 3 weeks of osimertinib. Plasma ctDNA EGFRm were analyzed by Super ARMS-PCR. Pts were randomized 1:1 to osimertinib plus carboplatin-pemetrexed or osimertinib monotherapy until progression or discontinuation criterion. The clinical data of screen failures patients were collected as part of real-world study. Randomization was stratified by CNS metastases (yes/no) and EGFRm subtype. The primary endpoint is investigator-assessed PFS per RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints include OS rate at 18 months, ORR, DCR, DoR, depth of response, safety and resistance profile. Exploratory endpoints: dynamic multi-omics biomarkers and quality of life. Data cutoff: 26 Jan 2026. Results: Of 448 screened pts with EGFRm, 134 had persistent plasma ctDNA EGFRm after 3 weeks of osimertinib. 80 pts were randomized to osimertinib plus chemotherapy (n=40) or continued osimertinib monotherapy (n=40). Baseline characteristics were generally balanced across arms (osimertinib plus chemotherapy/osimertinib): median age, 58/61 years; 60/55% female; 53/50% Ex19del; 48/50% L858R; 35/35% CNS metastases. Osimertinib plus chemotherapy significantly improved PFS versus osimertinib monotherapy (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31, 0.92; p=0.024; 67.5% maturity). Median PFS was 23.1 vs.12.7 months. ORR per investigator assessment was 50% vs. 35%, and median DoR was 15.6 months and 10.5 months, respectively. Grade≥3 treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) were higher in the combination group (65% vs. 10%) but manageable; no new safety signals were identified. Conclusions: This is the first perspective randomized controlled trial showing osimertinib plus chemotherapy significantly prolongs PFS versus osimertinib in pts who exhibit persistent ctDNA EGFR mutation at 3 weeks after 1L osimertinib monotherapy. This study provides prospective evidence for individualized escalation combination therapy based on dynamic molecular detection. Funded by AstraZeneca; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04769388. Clinical trial information: NCT04769388 .

Nanometre-precision terahertz interferometry for battery electrode metrology

Abstract High-precision, non-destructive thickness measurement is essential for lithium-ion battery (LIB) manufacturing. Existing approaches, such as X-rays, acoustic waves, and optical lasers, are limited by speed, resolution, or penetration into conductive materials. Here, we demonstrate nanometre-precision thickness measurements of LIB electrodes using terahertz (THz) Fabry–Pérot (FP) interferometry referenced to a photonic frequency comb. Combining the comb’s SI-traceable frequency accuracy with THz radiation’s immunity to scattering and absorption, our system directly detects FP modes with sub-10 MHz precision at sweep rates exceeding 12 THz/s, while spectral analysis simultaneously yields the complex refractive index. Electrode thicknesses of 50–150 μm are measured with nanometre precision: 70.1 nm (anode) and 465.5 nm (cathode) at 0.2 s, improving to 7.8 nm and 25.2 nm at 25.6 s, representing a one-to-two orders of magnitude improvement over temporal-analysis methods. The system further supports 3D profiling and dynamic thickness monitoring, enabling a unified, calibration-free platform for next-generation LIB metrology.

Controlling the Flow of Charges across Phthalocyanine@Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Interfaces

Machine learning–enabled ECG arrhythmia classification: a systematic and educational study from signal processing to decision support

Reply to: Quizartinib for Newly Diagnosed <i>FLT3</i> -Internal Tandem Duplication–Negative AML

Infection-induced glucose starvation triggers NINJ1-dependent macrophage lysis and Candida escape

Direct Alkane–Benzene Coupling Reactions with Bifunctional Zeolite-Encapsulated Metal Catalysts with Subnanoscale Intimacy

Radiomics-based fundus autofluorescence analysis in central serous chorioretinopathy–MICRoN report number twelve

Izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren) versus physician’s choice of chemotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): A randomized phase III study.

LBA1003 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive biology and limited treatment options beyond first-line immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. Patients who progress after taxane-containing regimens face poor outcomes and have a high unmet need. Izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren) is a first-in-class bispecific antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) targeting EGFRxHER3 with a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. Here we report the results of a pre-planned interim analysis from a phase III study of iza-bren in patients with TNBC. Methods: This randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase III study enrolled patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic TNBC who had disease progression after 1–2 prior lines of systemic therapy for advanced disease—including prior taxanes. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive iza-bren (2.5 mg/kg D1D8 Q3W) or treatment of physician’s choice (TPC) (eribulin, capecitabine, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine). Randomization was stratified by prior lines of therapy (1 vs. 2), prior anti-PD-(L)1 (yes vs. no), and HER2 IHC (0 vs. 1+/2+ ISH-). The dual-primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (BICR) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 418 patients were randomized (iza-bren/TPC: 207/211) and 412 were treated (iza-bren/TPC: 207/205). As of the data cutoff (Jan 13, 2026), median follow-up was 11.0 months. The median PFS by BICR was 8.5 months with iza-bren and 3.1 months with TPC (HR, 0.29 [95% CI, 0.22-0.38]; stratified log-rank P&lt;0.0001). The median OS was 15.9 months with iza-bren and 12.5 months with TPC (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.42-0.85]; stratified log-rank P=0.0019). The confirmed objective response rate (cORR) assessed by BICR was 51.7% with iza-bren and 20.5% with TPC (odds ratio, 4.28 [95% CI, 2.75-6.66]). Most common grade ≥3 TEAEs (iza-bren vs TPC) were neutrophil count decreased (58.0% vs 46.8%), white blood cell count decreased (56.0% vs 33.2%), platelet count decreased (52.7% vs 2.4%), and anemia (46.9% vs 3.9%). All-grade ILD was reported in 3 (1.4%) and 0 patients in the iza-bren and TPC arms, respectively. Treatment discontinuation due to TEAEs occurred in 4 (1.9%) patients in the iza-bren arm and 1 (0.5%) patient in the TPC arm. No new safety signals were observed. Conclusions: This pre-planned interim analysis met both dual-primary endpoints of PFS by BICR and OS. Iza-bren demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in both PFS and OS compared with chemotherapy, with a manageable safety profile in heavily pre-treated TNBC patients, supporting iza-bren as a new standard of care in this population. Clinical trial information: NCT06382142 .

Capture, storage, and re-use of liquid hydrogen boil-off for aviation and aerospace applications

Multiple Superconducting Phases in <i>m</i> -TaS ₃ under Extreme Compression