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Observation of Berry curvature in non-Hermitian system from far-field radiation
Characterization of microvessels in the human forehead dermis using intravascular dual perfusion and immunofluorescence staining
Whole-body visualization of SARS-CoV-2 biodistribution in vivo by immunoPET imaging in non-human primates
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused at least 780 million cases globally. While available treatments and vaccines have reduced the mortality rate, spread and evolution of the virus are ongoing processes. Despite extensive research, the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection is still poorly understood and requires further investigation. Routine analysis provides limited access to the tissues of patients, necessitating alternative approaches to investigate viral dissemination in the organism. We address this issue by implementing a whole-body in vivo imaging strategy to longitudinally assess the biodistribution of SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrate in a COVID-19 non-human primate model that a single injection of radiolabeled [ 89 Zr]COVA1-27-DFO human monoclonal antibody targeting a preserved epitope of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein allows longitudinal tracking of the virus by positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT). Convalescent animals exhibit a persistent [ 89 Zr]COVA1-27-DFO PET signal in the lungs, as well as in the brain, three months following infection. This imaging approach also allows viral detection in various organs, including the airways and kidneys, of exposed animals during the acute infection phase. Overall, the technology we developed offers a comprehensive assessment of SARS-CoV-2 distribution in vivo and provides a promising approach for the non-invasive study of long-COVID pathophysiology.
Positive emotional demands and psychological distance between teachers and students affect teachers’ work engagement in universities
Large-scale alkali-assisted growth of monolayer and bilayer WSe2 with a low defect density
Exploring the impact of hyperparameter and data augmentation in YOLO V10 for accurate bone fracture detection from X-ray images
Dynamic doping and interphase stabilization for cobalt-free and high-voltage Lithium metal batteries
Hydrothermal synthesis of SnO2/cellulose nanocomposites: optical, Structural, and morphological characterization
Genetic properties underlying transcriptional variability across different perturbations
Sedimentological and micropaleontological characteristics of tsunami deposits associated with the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake
Abstract This study reports sedimentological and paleontological features of deposits left by the 2024 Noto Peninsula tsunami in Suzu City, Japan. Tsunami deposits were found up to 70 m inland from the post-tsunami shoreline along our transect. The tsunami deposits were collected at five locations for observation by Soft X-ray and CT images, grain-size analysis, and diatom analysis. Soft X-ray and CT images identified that the five stratigraphic units (Units 1–5) at the most seaward location (SZ1) and deposits with faint laminae at the other locations (SZ2–4). Grain-size analysis showed that the tsunami deposits generally composed of fine to very fine sand at all sampled locations. At SZ1, Unit 3 exhibits climbing ripples with their leeside seaward. The ripple tops were probably dragged seaward. The eroded upper contact of Unit 4 implies yet another current at SZ1. Diatom assemblages within the tsunami deposits are dominated by marine and brackish species, except Unit 4 at SZ1 with more than 30% freshwater terrestrial species. Diatom assemblages in the tsunami deposits, vented sediments, and beach sand suggest that the SZ1 tsunami deposit was derived from both terrestrial and marine sources, while the main source was the coastal beach at the other locations.
An inclusive classification optimization model for land use and land cover classification
Mendelian randomization reveals probucol’s preventive role in Behçet’s disease via circulating metabolites
Abstract Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic, recurrent condition for which effective preventive medications are currently lacking. This disease often disrupts lipid metabolism, adversely affecting vascular endothelial function. Exploring preventive strategies, such as lipid-lowering medications, is crucial. Probucol, known for its lipid-lowering properties, emerges as a promising candidate. By inhibiting the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), probucol is hypothesized to regulate circulating metabolites, potentially reducing the risk of BD. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate probucol’s impact on BD and investigate its preventive potential through the modulation of circulating metabolites. For this MR study, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with probucol as instrumental variables and conducted a positive control analysis with SNPs linked to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to validate our instrument selection. The study was structured in two steps: first, using probucol’s eQTLs to estimate its causal effect on circulating metabolites; second, using SNPs linked to these metabolites to assess their causal impact on Behcet’s disease risk. To ensure the robustness and validity of our findings, we employed several MR methods, including the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) approach, heterogeneity tests, and pleiotropy analysis. This study identified a total of 30 SNPs associated with BD, 7502 SNPs linked to circulating metabolites, and 1,049 SNPs associated with BD from circulating metabolites, all derived from ABCA1 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data. Utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, it was confirmed that probucol leads to a reduction in concentrations of cholesterol esters in HDL, consistent with findings from randomized drug trials (odds ratio [OR] = 0.932, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.907–0.958, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the study demonstrated that probucol significantly decreased the risk of BD with an OR of 0.496 (95% CI 0.283–0.868, P = 0.014). Among 123 assessed circulating metabolites, thirty-six were found to be associated with probucol. Notably, probucol demonstrated a notable reduction in very large HDL particle concentrations (OR = 0.917, 95% CI 0.889–0.947, P < 0.001), contributing to approximately 10.407% of its overall impact on decreasing BD risk. This study establishes that probucol significantly lowers the risk of BD by reducing very large HDL particle concentrations. It provides a genetic basis for considering probucol as a potential therapeutic option for BD high risk individuals.
Author Correction: On the nonlinearity of the foreperiod effect
ESHA-256_GBGO: a high-performance and optimized security framework for internet of medical thing
Genome duplication in a long-term multicellularity evolution experiment
CARD domains mediate anti-phage defence in bacterial gasdermin systems
Probiotics reduce the recurrence of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis in Chinese women
Author Correction: Advanced AI-driven detection of interproximal caries in bitewing radiographs using YOLOv8
A key role for hepatitis C virus NS5A serine 225 phosphorylation revealed by super-resolution microscopy
Abstract NS5A is a multi-functional phosphoprotein that plays a key role in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome replication and assembly. The consequences of NS5A phosphorylation for HCV biology remain largely undefined. We previously identified serine 225 (S225) as a major phosphorylation site within the low complexity sequence 1 (LCSI) of NS5A and used a phosphoablatant mutant (S225A) to define the role of this phosphorylation event in genome replication, NS5A-host interactions and sub-cellular localisation. In this study, we investigate this further by raising an antiserum to S225 phosphorylated NS5A (pS225). Western blot analysis revealed that pS225 was predominantly in the hyper-phosphorylated NS5A species. Using a panel of phosphoablatant mutants of other phosphorylation sites in LCSI, we obtained evidence that is consistent with bidirectional hierarchical phosphorylation initiated by phosphorylation at S225. Using super-resolution microscopy (Airyscan and Expansion), we revealed a unique architecture of NS5A-positive punctae in HCV-infected cells; pS225 was present on the surface of these punctae, close to lipid droplets. Although S225 phosphorylation was not specifically affected by treatment with the NS5A-targeting direct acting antiviral agent daclatasvir, this resulted in the condensation of NS5A-positive punctae into larger structures, recapitulating the S225A phenotype. These data are consistent with a key role for S225 phosphorylation in the regulation of NS5A function.