Viral circular RNA–encoded protein, ceVP28, divulges an antiviral response in invertebrates

S Sirawich Limkul (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) T Tannatorn Phiwthong (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) S Supitcha Wanvimonsuk (Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University) T Tuangrak Seabkongseng (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) P Phirom Aunkam (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) P Phattarunda Jaree (Center of Applied Shrimp Research and Innovation, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University) W Waruntorn Luangtrakul (Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University) K Kanjana Mahanil (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) K Kamonluck Teamtisong (The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology) P Panlada Tittabutr (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) N Neung Teaumroong (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) P Peter Sarnow (Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University) H Han-Ching Wang (Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University) K Kunlaya Somboonwiwat (Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University) P Pakpoom Boonchuen (School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology)

Abstract

Invertebrates mostly use innate immunity to counteract pathogenic infections. In this study, shrimp was used as a model organism to explore the functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). We identified four viral circRNAs, termed circWSSV147, circWSSV326, circWSSV458, and circVP28, from transcriptomic data of WSSV-infected shrimp. CircVP28, which contains an internal ribosome entry site, was further characterized to determine its potential as a template for protein translation. We observed the presence of a truncated, circRNA-encoded VP28 (ceVP28) in infected shrimp. Both ceVP28 and its parental counterpart, VP28, share the same host cell binding partner Rab7, which is a host receptor for WSSV. Coadministration of recombinant ceVP28 protein and WSSV to penaeid shrimps reduced both viral copy numbers and mortality upon WSSV challenges. These findings uncovered a host defense mechanism by which a protein encoded by a viral circRNA modulates virus–receptor interactions, resulting in blocking of viral entry.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 8
Published February 25, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (15)

S

Sirawich Limkul

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

T

Tannatorn Phiwthong

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

S

Supitcha Wanvimonsuk

Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University

T

Tuangrak Seabkongseng

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

P

Phirom Aunkam

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

P

Phattarunda Jaree

Center of Applied Shrimp Research and Innovation, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University

W

Waruntorn Luangtrakul

Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University

K

Kanjana Mahanil

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

K

Kamonluck Teamtisong

The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology

P

Panlada Tittabutr

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

N

Neung Teaumroong

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

P

Peter Sarnow

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University

H

Han-Ching Wang

Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University

K

Kunlaya Somboonwiwat

Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University

P

Pakpoom Boonchuen

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology