Urban Aqua-Smart Residential Water Quality Detection System

Abstract

Urban Aqua – Smart Residential Water Quality Detection System is an IoT- and blockchain-enabled solution designed to ensure safe, transparent, and continuous monitoring of water supplied to urban households. Residential apartments often rely on shared water tanks where quality deterioration from pipe corrosion, stagnation, and improper treatment goes unnoticed. Traditional manual testing is slow, inconsistent, and lacks reliable documentation, while cloud-based systems remain vulnerable to data tampering. To solve these limitations, UTKARSH integrates ESP32 NodeMCU with calibrated sensors to measure pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), turbidity, and temperature in real time. Sensor readings are transmitted to the Thing Speak cloud platform for visualization and to the Blynk mobile application for instant alerts when unsafe values are detected. Every data packet is additionally hashed using SHA-256 and stored on a private blockchain ledger, ensuring immutability, security, and trust in the recorded information. An on-board OLED display provides instant, offline access to the latest quality metrics. The proposed system is low-cost, scalable, and ideal for household-level deployment. By combining IoT sensing, mobile connectivity, and blockchain-based verification, UTKARSH enables proactive decision-making, prevents exposure to contaminated water, and supports smart, sustainable living in modern urban communities.