The treatment patterns and adverse reactions of bevacizumab in the Chinese population in the real world.

Abstract

e23267 Background: Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can be used to treat many types of cancers, including colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, gynecological tumors and many other cancers. Although it is clinically effective, real-world data on its treatment regimens and adverse reactions are limited. Understanding the treatment patterns and adverse reactions of bevacizumab will help guide the safe and rational use of the drug in clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected from patients treated with bevacizumab across multiple centers in China between December 2019 and January 2024. Descriptive analyses were conducted to assess patient different characteristics, treatment regimens, and adverse reactions associated with bevacizumab in a real-world clinical setting. Additionally, treatment regimens and genetic mutations (EGFR, KRAS) were assessed for their association with treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 46,473 patients were included in the study, with 23,905 males (51.4%) and 22,568 females (48.6%). The mean age was 60.4 ± 10.6 years. Among the patients, 18,207 (39.2%) were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 16,384 (35.3%) with non-small cell lung cancer, and 6,991 (15.0%) with gynecological tumors. Additionally, 7,381 patients (15.9%) had gene mutations or overexpression (positive). The most commonly used treatment regimens were combined chemotherapy (70.2%), monotherapy (15.7%), and combination immunotherapy (12.5%). Except for liver cancer patients, where 77.8% were treated with combination immunotherapy, other cancers were primarily treated with combined chemotherapy. This study did not reach a median progression-free survival (PFS). The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 6.6%, with 7.3% in the combination immunotherapy group, 7.7% in patients with EGFR gene mutations, and 12.4% in patients with KRAS gene mutations. The most common adverse reactions to bevacizumab were nausea/vomiting (1.6%) and hypertension (1.4%). Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy was the most commonly used treatment regimen for bevacizumab, and bevacizumab showed acceptable safety. Although bevacizumab was generally well-tolerated, certain subgroups, particularly those with EGFR and KRAS mutations, showed higher incidences of adverse reactions.