The role of occupational carcinogens in laryngeal cancer: A global trend analysis (1990-2021).

Abstract

e18118 Background: Laryngeal cancer is a significant global health burden, with occupational carcinogens such as Asbestos and Wood Dust recognized as risk factors. Understanding trends in Deaths, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and Age-Standardized Mortality Rates (ASMR) attributed to occupational carcinogens is crucial for targeted interventions. This study uses Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data to evaluate temporal patterns in these metrics globally, with a focus on occupational risks. Methods: We analyzed GBD 2021 data on laryngeal cancer attributed to occupational carcinogens, focusing on deaths, DALYs, and ASMR. Age-standardized mortality rates were derived using GBD’s standardized age population. Data trends from 1990 to 2021 were examined at the global level. Descriptive statistics summarized key metrics, and trends were visualized to identify patterns, with confidence intervals assessing data reliability. Results: Global deaths from laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational carcinogens declined from 1990 to 2021. In 1990, deaths were estimated at 5,369 (95% CI: 3,296–7,772), with an ASMR of 0.137 per 100,000. By 2019, deaths decreased, reflecting improved occupational safety and reduced exposure to key carcinogens. DALYs showed similar trends, highlighting a reduced burden of occupational risks. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for laryngeal cancer showed a steady decline globally. In 1990, the ASMR was 0.137 per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.084–0.193), which dropped consistently over the three decades to lower levels by 2021. This decline indicates progress in reducing occupational exposure to carcinogens and advances in early detection and treatment. Notably, regional variations persisted, with higher ASMR observed in low- and middle-income countries where occupational safety regulations are less stringent. Conclusions: The global burden of laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational carcinogens decreased significantly from 1990 to 2021, with reductions in deaths, DALYs, and ASMR. These improvements reflect better workplace safety, regulatory measures, and health systems. However, disparities between regions highlight the need for stronger occupational health policies and improved access to prevention and treatment in vulnerable populations. Sustained efforts are essential to mitigate occupational risks and reduce the burden of laryngeal cancer worldwide. Global trends in DALYs (disease adjusted life years), age-standardized mortality rates attributable to occupational carcinogens in laryngeal cancer (1990-2021). Year Deaths DALYs ASMR 1990 3.58376292 0.1369957 0.136957 2000 3.00933439 0.115154 0.115154 2010 2.44613 0.095639 0.095639 2020 2.051785 0.080444 0.080444