The EMB/ATG7-mediated autophagic process regulates neurite outgrowth and promotes enteric neuronal development

L Luyao Wu (School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering) J Jun Xiao X Xinyao Meng (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) J Jing Wang (Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China) H Handan Mao (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) J Jingyi You (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Z Zejian Li (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) K Ke Chen Q Qiong Wang B Bingyan Zhou (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Y Yingjian Chen (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) L Lei Xiang (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) X Xiaosi Yu (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) S Shimin Yang (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) J Jiaxin Zhang (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) D Didi Zhuansun (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) C Chunlei Jiao (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) D Di Wang J Jixin Yang (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) X Xuyong Chen (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) J Jiexiong Feng (Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

The formation of the enteric nervous system (ENS) primarily involves the migration of enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCCs) and the subsequent maturation of enteric neurons. The developmental dysfunction of ENCCs and enteric neurons can result in ENS disorders, such as hypoganglionosis (HG). Although neurite outgrowth is fundamental to neuronal maturation, the mechanisms by which neurite outgrowth influences neuronal maturation remain poorly defined. Here, we identified EMB as a critical regulator of enteric neuronal maturation. In EMB mutant patients, the expression of EMB is reduced in the enteric neurons of the HG-affected colon. In mice, knockdown of Emb exhibited HG-like features and defects. In vitro experiments, along with analyses using Smart-seq2 and immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry, demonstrated that EMB is essential for autophagic flux and physically interacts with ATG7, recruiting it to the autophagosomal membrane to facilitate autophagosome formation, and then EMB/ATG7-mediated autophagy promotes neurite outgrowth. Our findings elucidate EMB-mediated autophagy as a pivotal pathway in regulating neurite outgrowth and promoting the maturation of enteric neurons, which provides a mechanistic basis for understanding ENS disorders.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 25
Published June 23, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (21)

L

Luyao Wu

School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering

J

Jun Xiao

X

Xinyao Meng

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

J

Jing Wang

Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China

H

Handan Mao

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

J

Jingyi You

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Z

Zejian Li

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

K

Ke Chen

Q

Qiong Wang

B

Bingyan Zhou

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Y

Yingjian Chen

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

L

Lei Xiang

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

X

Xiaosi Yu

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

S

Shimin Yang

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

J

Jiaxin Zhang

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

D

Didi Zhuansun

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

C

Chunlei Jiao

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

D

Di Wang

J

Jixin Yang

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

X

Xuyong Chen

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

J

Jiexiong Feng

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology