Temporal trends in Burkitt lymphoma–related mortality in the United States over the last three decades: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease database.

Abstract

e19074 Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a rare but aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with significant mortality implications in the United States. Evaluating long-term mortality trends provides valuable insights into the impact of advances in treatment and healthcare strategies. Methods: Mortality data for Burkitt lymphoma in the United States from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases database. Joinpoint regression analysis was utilized to assess temporal trends by calculating the Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC). Results: A total of 11,397.32. deaths due to Burkitt lymphoma were reported over the study period. Overall Trends: Mortality rates showed an initial gradual increase (APC: 1.02% from 1990–1997; p < 0.001), followed by a more prominent rise (APC: 9.64% from 1997–2000; p < 0.001), and a moderate increase from 2000–2005 (APC: 2.76%; p < 0.001). Subsequently, a significant decline in mortality was observed (APC: -1.41% from 2005–2019; p < 0.001). The overall AAPC for the period was 0.986% (95% CI: 0.9154 to 1.0635; p < 0.001). Gender-Specific Trends: Females: Mortality increased significantly in the early years (APC: 2.56% from 1990–1997; p < 0.001), followed by a more significant increase (APC: 9.69% from 1997–2000; p < 0.001) that then dropped to a moderate rise (APC: 2.99% from 2000–2003; p < 0.001), with subsequent stabilization in the rates for the period 2004-2006. A subsequent decline in the rates was later witnessed(APC: -1.38% from 2008–2019; p < 0.001). The overall AAPC for females was 1.382% (95% CI: 1.2743 to 1.4869; p < 0.001). Males: Mortality rates witnessed an increase (APC: 1.09% from 1990–1993; p < 0.05), followed by a steep rise (APC: 8.59% from 1997–2000; p < 0.001), and eventually a gradual decline in later years (APC: -1.63% from 2006–2019; p < 0.001). The overall AAPC for males was 0.654% (95% CI: 0.5956 to 0.7182; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Burkitt lymphoma-related mortality in the United States exhibited a significant increase in the late 1990s, followed by a decline in recent years, reflecting improvements in early detection and treatment options. Gender differences in mortality trends highlight the need for further investigation into treatment effectiveness and access to care. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment strategies and addressing disparities to further reduce BL mortality.