Tailored Hierarchical Bonding Networks Derive Ultra‐Stable Underwater Adhesion in Harsh Environments

S Shuang‐Mei He (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China) N Nan Jiang L Lin Zhang J Jian‐Wen Ma (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China) H Hao Chen Z Zhi‐Wei Zeng (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China) F Fu‐Rong Zeng (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China) B Bo‐Wen Liu (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China) F Fang Wang J Jie Zhang Y Yu‐Zhong Wang (Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Engineering National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu China) H Hai‐Bo Zhao (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China)

Abstract

Abstract The development of high‐performance water‐resistant and underwater adhesives is critical for advancing underwater technologies, yet achieving robust functional adhesion with long‐term durability in complex underwater environments remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a hierarchical bonding network strategy to realize stable adhesion under harsh underwater conditions. By engineering a cross‐linked polysiloxane backbone embedded with dense active interaction sites, including hydroxyl groups, benzene rings, cations, and hydrophobic moieties, we create synergistic multiscale interactions that amplify both cohesion and interfacial adhesion. The optimized adhesive achieves a strong bonding strength of 12.2 MPa and an underwater adhesion of 3.4 MPa on steel substrates and retains stability in corrosive underwater environments (acidic, alkaline, and saline solutions) over extended periods. It further demonstrates exceptional thermal resilience, maintaining functionality across temperatures from ‐196 to 150 °C. Integrating quaternary ammonium cations with long‐chain alkanes endows the material with potent antibacterial activity (≥99.9999% inhibition) and the highest antifungal grade. This work provides a new avenue for designing high‐performance multifunctional adhesives with strong adhesion, long‐term durability, extreme temperature resistance, and antimicrobial properties, offering broad potential for applications in demanding underwater environments.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 65, Issue 7
Published February 09, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (12)

S

Shuang‐Mei He

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

N

Nan Jiang

L

Lin Zhang

J

Jian‐Wen Ma

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

H

Hao Chen

Z

Zhi‐Wei Zeng

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

F

Fu‐Rong Zeng

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

B

Bo‐Wen Liu

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

F

Fang Wang

J

Jie Zhang

Y

Yu‐Zhong Wang

Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Engineering National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu China

H

Hai‐Bo Zhao

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco‐Friendly and Fire‐Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE) National Engineering Laboratory of Eco‐Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China