Systemic <i>Kras</i> ablation disrupts myeloid cell homeostasis in adult mice

E Elena Zamorano-Dominguez (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) L Lucia Morales-Cacho (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) R Rebeca Barrero (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) S Silvia Jiménez-Parrado (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) A Alma Dhawahir (Global Pharma Strategy, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd) I Isabel Hernández-Porras (Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) L Lucía Simón-Carrasco (Molecular Oncology and Targeted Therapies Group, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide) S Sara Barrambana (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) P Pian Sun (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) A Ana Galván-del-Rey (Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) B Blanca Rosas-Perez (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) V Vasiliki Liaki (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) M Matthias Drosten (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC)) M Monica Musteanu F Federico Virga (Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) E Eugenio Santos (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) F Francisca Mulero (Molecular Imaging Unit, Biotechnology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) E Eduardo Caleiras (Histopathology Unit, Biotechnology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) C Carmen Guerra (Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas) M Mariano Barbacid

Abstract

The KRAS oncogene has been associated with many types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung, and colorectal. For decades, its gene products were thought to be undruggable. However, during the last decade, a large battery of KRAS inhibitors selective against specific mutations (KRAS G12C and KRAS G12D ), panKRAS inhibitors active against all KRAS isoforms, or even panRAS inhibitors, capable of inhibiting the three members of the RAS family, have been developed. In mice, the Kras locus is essential for embryonic development and can sustain adult homeostasis in the absence of Hras and Nras expression. Thus, we considered of interest to interrogate the role of the Kras locus in an experimental system to generate potentially relevant information regarding the use of panKRAS or panRAS inhibitors in the clinic. Here, we report that systemic ablation of Kras expression in adult mice does not induce significant changes in overall survival, body weight, glucose levels, metabolic profile, or heart function. In contrast, flow cytometry and histopathological analyses of organs such as blood, bone marrow, and spleen showed a significant increase of the myeloid lineage leading to myelomonocytic metaplasia. In this context, replacement of the KRAS isoforms by HRAS is sufficient to maintain adult homeostasis, suggesting that the unique properties of the Kras locus are primarily due to its pattern of expression rather than to the activity of its gene products.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 34
Published August 26, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (20)

E

Elena Zamorano-Dominguez

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

L

Lucia Morales-Cacho

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

R

Rebeca Barrero

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

S

Silvia Jiménez-Parrado

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

A

Alma Dhawahir

Global Pharma Strategy, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd

I

Isabel Hernández-Porras

Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

L

Lucía Simón-Carrasco

Molecular Oncology and Targeted Therapies Group, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide

S

Sara Barrambana

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

P

Pian Sun

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

A

Ana Galván-del-Rey

Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

B

Blanca Rosas-Perez

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

V

Vasiliki Liaki

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

M

Matthias Drosten

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC)

M

Monica Musteanu

F

Federico Virga

Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

E

Eugenio Santos

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

F

Francisca Mulero

Molecular Imaging Unit, Biotechnology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

E

Eduardo Caleiras

Histopathology Unit, Biotechnology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

C

Carmen Guerra

Experimental Oncology Group, Tumor Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas

M

Mariano Barbacid