Support-tuned iridium reconstruction with crystalline phase dominating acidic oxygen evolution

K Kexin Zhang (State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics) X Xiao Liang (Department of Chemistry) Y Yucheng Wang Y Yongcun Zou (State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China) X Xiao Zhao H Hui Chen X Xiaoxin Zou (State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry)

Abstract

Abstract The dynamic reconstruction of oxygen evolution electrocatalysts dictates their performance, yet conventional Ir-based materials face an inherent activity-stability trade-off due to surface amorphization into hydrous IrOx phases accompanied by lattice oxygen mechanisms. Here, we uncover a distinct reconstruction pathway for supported Ir nanoparticles, where a TiOx@Ti substrate drives a bulk phase transition from metallic Ir to crystalline rutile IrO2 during electrocatalysis. Unlike surface-limited amorphization, this support-guided crystallization shifts the reaction mechanism from involving lattice oxygen mechanism to the complete adsorbate evolution mechanism, as confirmed by mechanistic and structural analyses. Consequently, the Ir/TiOx@Ti catalyst achieves both high activity and durability in acidic media, demonstrated in three-electrode systems and proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This work redefines support roles in electrocatalyst reconstruction, demonstrating that bulk phase engineering—rather than surface modification—resolves the long-standing efficiency-durability conflict in acidic oxygen evolution.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published September 01, 2025
ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Nature Communications

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2041-1723 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (7)

K

Kexin Zhang

State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics

X

Xiao Liang

Department of Chemistry

Y

Yucheng Wang

Y

Yongcun Zou

State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China

X

Xiao Zhao

H

Hui Chen

X

Xiaoxin Zou

State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry