<sup>177</sup> Lu-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Neoadjuvant to Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Oligorecurrent Prostate Cancer (LUNAR): An Open-Label, Randomized, Controlled, Phase II Study

A Amar U. Kishan L Luca F. Valle (Luca F. Valle, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Jeremie Calais, MD, PhD, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Amar U. Kishan, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA) H Holly Wilhalme (Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA) C Carol Felix (Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) R Rejah Nabong (Department of Nuclear Medicine and Theranostics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) J Jesus E. Juarez-Casillas (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) K Kevin Flores (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) T T. Martin Ma (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA) V Vinicius Ludwig (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Mariko Nakayama (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) Z Zachary Ells (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Magnus Dahlbom (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Michael Lauria (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) C Catherine Meyer (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Minsong Cao (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA) J Joanne B. Weidhaas (Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) D Donatello Telesca (Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) K Kristen McGreevy (Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) N Nicholas G. Nickols D Danielle Karasik (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) S Sophia Parmisano (Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) T T. Vincent Basehart (Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) W Wayne Brisbane (Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) L Leonard Marks (Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Matthew B. Rettig R Robert E. Reiter (Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) P Paul C. Boutros M Martin Allen-Auerbach J Johannes Czernin (Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) M Michael L. Steinberg (Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA) J Jeremie Calais (Luca F. Valle, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Jeremie Calais, MD, PhD, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Amar U. Kishan, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA)

Abstract

PURPOSE Progression after metastasis-directed therapy via stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for oligorecurrent hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (orHSPC) is common. We aimed to assess whether the addition of neoadjuvant prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–targeting radioligand therapy to SBRT would improve outcomes. METHODS The LUNAR trial was a single-center, randomized, open-label, controlled phase II trial conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles. Eligible participants had orHSPC as determined by the presence of one to five lesions identified on PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). After stratifying by stage (N1/M1a v M1b) and lesion count (1 v 2-3 v 4-5), we randomly assigned patients 1:1 to receive SBRT to all lesions or two cycles of 177 Lu-PNT2002 (6.8 GBq/cycle, 2 weeks apart) followed by SBRT to all lesions. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), defined by PSMA PET/CT, salvage hormonal therapy, or death. PSMA PET/CT was acquired systematically at prostate-specific antigen progression and/or 12 months after SBRT. All analyses were done in the intention-to-treat population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT05496959 ). RESULTS From September 2, 2022, to November 9, 2023, 92 patients were randomly assigned (SBRT n = 47 and 177 Lu + SBRT n = 45), with 87 evaluable patients (SBRT n = 42 and 177 Lu + SBRT n = 45). At a median follow-up of 22 months, the addition of 177 Lu to SBRT significantly improved PFS (17.6 months [95% CI 15 months to not reached] v 7.4 months [95% CI, 6.0 to 13.5 months]; hazard ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.22 to 0.61], P &lt; .0001). The only grade 3 adverse events were lymphopenia (two patients [4.8%] in the SBRT group and three patients [6.7%] in the 177 Lu + SBRT group). Prognostic biomarkers for PFS were identified. CONCLUSION Compared with SBRT alone, the addition of 177 Lu-PNT2002 to SBRT significantly improved PFS in patients with orHSPC without an attendant increase in toxicity.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 43, Issue 36
Published December 20, 2025
Pages 3812-3821
ISSN 0732-183X
Publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Journal Info

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN: 0732-183X Health Sciences

Authors (31)

A

Amar U. Kishan

L

Luca F. Valle

Luca F. Valle, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Jeremie Calais, MD, PhD, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Amar U. Kishan, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA

H

Holly Wilhalme

Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA

C

Carol Felix

Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

R

Rejah Nabong

Department of Nuclear Medicine and Theranostics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

J

Jesus E. Juarez-Casillas

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

K

Kevin Flores

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

T

T. Martin Ma

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA

V

Vinicius Ludwig

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Mariko Nakayama

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

Z

Zachary Ells

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Magnus Dahlbom

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Michael Lauria

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

C

Catherine Meyer

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Minsong Cao

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

J

Joanne B. Weidhaas

Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

D

Donatello Telesca

Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

K

Kristen McGreevy

Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

N

Nicholas G. Nickols

D

Danielle Karasik

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

S

Sophia Parmisano

Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

T

T. Vincent Basehart

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

W

Wayne Brisbane

Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

L

Leonard Marks

Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Matthew B. Rettig

R

Robert E. Reiter

Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

P

Paul C. Boutros

M

Martin Allen-Auerbach

J

Johannes Czernin

Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

M

Michael L. Steinberg

Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

J

Jeremie Calais

Luca F. Valle, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Radiation Oncology Service, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Jeremie Calais, MD, PhD, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Amar U. Kishan, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA