Strong Electron‐Withdrawing Molecules Facilitating π–π Stacking and Charge Transfer Complexes at Buried Interface and Enabling an Inverted PSC with Open‐Circuit Voltage of 1.2 V
Abstract
Abstract To improve the interfacial match between the hole transport layer (HTL) and perovskite active layer (PAL) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a strong electron‐withdrawing molecule 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) is introduced to bridge the self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) [2‐(3,6‐dimethoxy‐9 H ‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (MeO‐2PACz) and PAL. F4TCNQ eliminates molecular voids in the SAMs via π–π stacking, forming charge‐transfer complexes that homogenize interfacial potential and promote perovskite crystallization, increasing grain size from 0.53 to 0.88 µm. The cyano groups and fluorine atoms on F4TCNQ passivate Pb 2 ⁺ and I − defects through coordination and hydrogen bonding, suppressing ion migration and carrier nonradiative recombination. Meanwhile, p‐type doping by F4TCNQ elevates the SAMs work function, reducing the hole extraction barrier by 0.12 eV and enhancing charge transfer driving force. Optimized devices achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 25.91% with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.202 V, while retaining 91% efficiency after 1000 h of maximum power point tracking, attributed to stabilized ion dynamics and robust interfacial adhesion. This work demonstrates molecular bridging as a scalable strategy for high‐performance photovoltaics.
Article Details
Authors (13)
Jiexi Pan
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Jihuai Wu
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of Education Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
Weichun Pan
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Zixin Wang
Xuanheng Chen
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Qingshui Zheng
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Zeyuan Zhao
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Ruowei He
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Anling Tong
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Yiming Xie
Fuda Yu
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Weihai Sun
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
Zhang Lan
Engineering Research Center of Environment‐Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of Education Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China