Strategic design of wind energy and battery storage for efficient and sustainable energy systems

Abstract

Abstract The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, particularly wind power, necessitates advanced energy management and storage strategies to ensure grid stability and economic viability. This study investigates the techno economic benefits of integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) into wind power plants by developing and evaluating optimized hybrid operation strategies. Using real world Data from a 70 MW wind farm, ten distinct operational strategies were simulated, incorporating approaches such as peak shaving, time shifted dispatch, and imbalance cost minimization. The battery capacity was optimized in the range of 5–70 MW. Simulation results show that battery integration reduced imbalance costs by 15–40%, while increasing total revenue by approximately 8–10%. In certain strategies, net positive total profit reached up to 60,000 USD, and the combined benefit from imbalance and revenue gains exceeded 12,000 USD under optimal conditions. These findings highlight the strategic role of BESS in enhancing system flexibility and economic return. By quantifying the relationship between control strategies and profitability, the study provides actionable insights for renewable energy operators and policy makers. It bridges the gap between theoretical hybrid models and real world deployment, supporting more resilient and efficient renewable energy integration in liberalized electricity markets.