Smart‐Responsive Antibacterial Fibers: Mechanisms, Fabrication, and Biomedical Applications
Abstract
ABSTRACT The escalating prevalence of multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections presents a grave global health challenge, highlighting the limitations of traditional antibacterial materials that rely on passive release mechanisms. This paper comprehensively reviews the emerging frontier of stimuli‐responsive smart antibacterial fibers (SAFs), which embody a paradigm shift towards on‐demand and targeted proactive antimicrobial functionality. Based on response mechanisms, the specific stimuli sensed by SAFs are classified as endogenous infection microenvironments (i.e., pH, dysregulated enzyme activity, and redox potential, etc.) and exogenous physical activation (i.e., light, ultrasound, mechanical force, and magnetic, etc.). Furthermore, this review systematically expounds on the fundamental design principles of SAFs (how to achieve “smartness”), antibacterial mechanisms (how to achieve “antibacterial activity”), and innovative applications in various fields. Subsequently, current challenges are thoroughly discussed, and promising future research directions are outlined. Crucially, artificial intelligence is highlighted as a pivotal enabler for integrating multifunctionality, biomimetic design paradigms, and embedded sensing capabilities, thereby facilitating seamless interoperability with digital health platforms. This review aims to establish a foundational framework inspiring innovation in developing next‐generation antibacterial fibers with superior therapeutic precision and functional sophistication.
Article Details
Authors (15)
Hanpeng Liu
School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology, Tianjin University of Technology 1 , Tianjin 300384,
Chaofeng Wang
Congyang Mao
Yuan Li
Cuihong Chen
Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry‐of‐Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials School of Materials Science & Engineering State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China
Xiangmei Liu
Hui Jiang
Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences
Yanqin Liang
School of Materials Science & Engineering the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University Tianjin China
Zhonghui Gao
School of Materials Science & Engineering the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University Tianjin China
Wence Xu
School of Materials Science & Engineering the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University Tianjin China
Ding Xu
Zhenduo Cui
School of Materials Science & Engineering the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University Tianjin China
Zhaoyang Li
Shengli Zhu
School of Materials Science & Engineering the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China Tianjin University Tianjin China
Shuilin Wu