Smart BinX: Intelligent Fill-Level Detection and Route Optimisation

Abstract

With the growing urban population and increasing waste generation, efficient waste management has become a critical challenge for smart cities. This paper presents a Smart Bin System that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor and manage waste disposal effectively. The system uses ultrasonic sensors to measure the fill levels of bins in real time and distinguishes between biodegradable and non- biodegradable waste. It sends automated alerts to garbage collectors when a bin reaches 80% capacity, ensuring timely clearance and preventing overflow. A corresponding web application displays bin statuses and enables informed routing of garbage collection vehicles. The solution aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and offers benefits to government agencies, citizens, and sanitation workers. This system promotes cleaner urban environments, enhances operational efficiency, and supports sustainable waste management practices by reducing manual monitoring and encouraging responsible waste segregation.