Significance of radial magnetic field and Hall current on magnetic nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery and therapeutics in cylindrical vessels with bioconvection effects

Abstract

Blood flow patterns are crucial for diagnosing circulatory disorders such as arteriosclerotic disease, promoting bioengineers and medical scientists to focus on analyzing blood flow dynamics within the circulatory system. In this study, we examined the influence of a radial magnetic field on blood flow mediated by magnetic nanoparticles in the presence of Hall current and ion-slip effects. Also, we explored the impact of critical phenomena, which include viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and bioconvection caused by micro-organisms. A system of partial differential equations mathematically represents the considered model, and the resulting dimensionless equations were solved using numerical techniques. The physical quantities, including velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions of blood, density profiles of organisms, surface drag force, volume flow rate, heat transfer coefficient, mass transfer, and micro-organism mass transfer coefficients, are calculated and presented by graphical and tabular perspectives. It is remarked that the magnetite nanoparticles are more effective than zinc oxide for controlling blood flow under a radial magnetic field. In addition, the blood velocity at the center of the vessel increased by 14.65%, and 11.74% as the Hall parameter rose from 0.2 to 1.0 for magnetite-infused and zinc oxide-infused blood, respectively. Moreover, the blood concentration and mass transfer rates along the vessel were enhanced by advancing Brownian motion parameters. The results of this research hold substantial potential for applications in targeted drug delivery, magnetic therapy, and therapeutic hyperthermia treatments.