Self‐Optimization With Oriented Facet Reconstruction for Universal Electrocatalytic C–N Coupling

Z Ze Wu X Xiaorong Zhu X Xupeng Qin (National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory) C Chu Zhang (MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering) N Nannan Guo (State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi China) D Dawei Chen (State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education) D Dafeng Yan (Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering) Y Yujie Wang (Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research) R Ruping Miao (State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering International Joint Laboratory of Energy Electrochemistry Hunan University Changsha China) K Kefan Zhang (State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education) Q Qinghua Liu (National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory) C Chade Lv (MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering) L Luxiang Wang (State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi China) S Shuangyin Wang (State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering) C Chen Chen

Abstract

ABSTRACT Electrocatalytic C–N coupling represents a green synthesis platform, yet the dynamic evolution of catalyst surfaces during the reaction remains poorly understood. Here, we report a nitrate‐dominated, preferential facet evolution on Cu single crystals that directs less active (110) and (100) facets toward the highly active (111) configuration. The Cu(111) surface delivers a urea yield of 5.2 mg h −1  cm −2 from CO 2 and NO 3 − , outperforming (110) and (100) by about 4‐ and 26‐fold, respectively, while maintaining excellent stability. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that this facet reconstruction is associated with spontaneous chemical interaction between nitrate and metallic copper, alongside the thermodynamic stability of the Cu(111) facet. Significantly, the pristine Cu(111) surface consistently outperforms Cu(110) and Cu(100), highlighting its intrinsic catalytic superiority. This work provides insights into nitrate‐dominated C–N coupling, advancing the design of dynamically active electrocatalysts.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 65, Issue 30
Published July 20, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (15)

Z

Ze Wu

X

Xiaorong Zhu

X

Xupeng Qin

National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

C

Chu Zhang

MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

N

Nannan Guo

State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi China

D

Dawei Chen

State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education

D

Dafeng Yan

Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Y

Yujie Wang

Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research

R

Ruping Miao

State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering International Joint Laboratory of Energy Electrochemistry Hunan University Changsha China

K

Kefan Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education

Q

Qinghua Liu

National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

C

Chade Lv

MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

L

Luxiang Wang

State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi China

S

Shuangyin Wang

State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

C

Chen Chen