Selective Glycine Electrosynthesis via C‐N Coupling Enabled by Synergistic Mott–Schottky Heterojunction and Oxygen Vacancies

G Guangkuo Xu C Chengyuan Dong (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) X Xiangcheng Cai (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) J Junhua Kuang T Tianwei Xue (College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering) Y Yuyu Guo (State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University) Y Yanyin Wu (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) R Ruiqing Li (State Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Devices) Z Zeyu Shao (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) T Tongxin Qiao (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) W Wenli Hao (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) L Longzhao Xu (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China) S Shuliang Yang (Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States) J Jun Li L Li Peng

Abstract

ABSTRACT Glycine, an indispensable amino acid essential for diverse biological processes, remains challenging to synthesize directly via electrosynthesis from simple carbon and nitrogen precursors. Herein, we report a highly efficient electrochemical route for glycine production through the reductive coupling of oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ) with hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH) or nitrate (NO 3 − ) over a Mott–Schottky Sn/SnO 2 heterojunction catalyst enriched with oxygen vacancies. When employing H 2 C 2 O 4 and NH 2 OH as feedstocks, a remarkable Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 91.6% for glycine is achieved at −0.7 V versus RHE, alongside a high yield of 135 mmol g cat. −1  h −1 . To the best of our knowledge, this represents one of the best performances ever reported in this system. The catalyst also shows strong substrate versatility, enabling efficient glycine formation when NO 3 − (in situ reduced to NH 2 OH) couples with glyoxylic acid or H 2 C 2 O 4 . Mechanistic studies indicate that the Mott–Schottky heterojunction significantly promotes the co‐adsorption of H 2 C 2 O 4 and NH 2 OH, while oxygen vacancies facilitate the hydrogenation of oxime intermediates to glycine. This study highlights the profound synergistic interplay between Mott–Schottky heterojunctions and oxygen vacancy defects in precisely modulating active sites and accelerating reaction kinetics, thereby offering a sustainable strategy for the green electrosynthesis of amino acids.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 65, Issue 21
Published May 18, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (15)

G

Guangkuo Xu

C

Chengyuan Dong

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

X

Xiangcheng Cai

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

J

Junhua Kuang

T

Tianwei Xue

College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Y

Yuyu Guo

State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University

Y

Yanyin Wu

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

R

Ruiqing Li

State Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Devices

Z

Zeyu Shao

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

T

Tongxin Qiao

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

W

Wenli Hao

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

L

Longzhao Xu

State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China

S

Shuliang Yang

Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States

J

Jun Li

L

Li Peng