Schizotypy and subclinical depression relate to specific trait curiosity dimensions

Abstract

Abstract Curiosity promotes human development, but its link to subclinical psychological variations remains poorly understood. In two online experiments, we examined associations of trait and state curiosity with schizotypal characteristics (experiment 1, n  = 238) and subclinical depressive symptoms (experiment 2, n  = 264) in samples from the general population. In addition to an established multidimensional curiosity framework that allowed us to quantify specific trait curiosity facets, such as Joyous Exploration, Stress Tolerance and Deprivation Sensitivity, we also employed a previously established test to assess state epistemic curiosity. Both schizotypal characteristics and subclinical depressive symptoms were associated with lower Joyous Exploration and Stress Tolerance, while higher Deprivation Sensitivity showed more selective associations with schizotypy. In contrast, state epistemic curiosity did not significantly correlate with schizotypy or depressive symptoms. Together, these findings suggest that trait curiosity dimensions show both shared and selective associations with subclinical depression and schizotypy, potentially reflecting distinct motivational and affective processes. From a broader perspective, this underscores the value of a multidimensional approach to curiosity in mental health.