SARS-CoV-2 uptake and inflammatory response in senescent endothelial cells are regulated by the BSG/VEGFR2 pathway

Y Yuya Sakurai (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) Y Yoichiro Fujioka (Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University) N Nako Maishi (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) R Ryo Takeda (Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences) Y Yusuke Ohba (Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University) M Michihito Sasaki T Takahito Teshirogi (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) W Wataru Ito (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) Y Yasuhiro Hida (Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital) A Aya Matsuda (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) K Kanta Kido (Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University) Y Yasuko Orba H Hirofumi Sawa K Kyoko Hida (Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University)

Abstract

Aging is a risk factor for severe COVID-19, characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction. Although possible susceptibility of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been suggested, the details of entry into cells have not been clarified. Previously, we reported that in an aged mouse model of severe COVID-19, ECs show a massive viral uptake and inflammatory response. Here, we focused on the endocytic capacity of senescent ECs. We found that the senescent ECs showed high endocytic capacity and SARS-CoV-2 virus uptake. This triggers an nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway–mediated inflammatory response. Further, Basigin enhanced endocytosis in the senescent ECs by activating the intracellular vascular endothelial growth factor signaling. Thus, EC senescence is associated with enhanced SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis and subsequent vascular endothelial dysfunction. This could prove a potential target for treating severe COVID-19 in older adults.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 31
Published August 05, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (14)

Y

Yuya Sakurai

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

Y

Yoichiro Fujioka

Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University

N

Nako Maishi

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

R

Ryo Takeda

Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences

Y

Yusuke Ohba

Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University

M

Michihito Sasaki

T

Takahito Teshirogi

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

W

Wataru Ito

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

Y

Yasuhiro Hida

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital

A

Aya Matsuda

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

K

Kanta Kido

Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University

Y

Yasuko Orba

H

Hirofumi Sawa

K

Kyoko Hida

Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University