Radiographic characteristics of impacted teeth: A retrospective study of 2199 radiograph

Abstract

Objective To analyze the radiological characteristics of impacted teeth in the population of Makkah in Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2199 digital panoramic radiograph (OPG) scans collected from the database of the dental teaching hospital at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA. Out of these, 1503 OPGs (749 males and 754 females) met the inclusion criteria, which required clear OPGs with high quality and good visibility of anatomic structures. The study included patients of both genders, aged between 13 and 70, with complete root formation of impacted teeth. Results The analysis of 1,503 patients’ radiographs revealed that 27.70% had impacted third molars, with mandibular molars being more commonly affected than maxillary molars. Additionally, other impacted teeth were observed, including maxillary canines, second premolars, second molars, and supernumerary teeth. Male patients had a slightly higher prevalence of impaction. The majority of impacted third molars were found in the age group of 18-30. The angulation and depth of impacted teeth differed between maxillary and mandibular arches. Most impacted mandibular third molars had a class I relation with the ramus. Conclusion The study provides valuable insights into impacted teeth in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. It highlights a significant occurrence of impacted third molars, as well as other teeth. These findings contribute to a better understanding of impacted teeth and provide important support for dental professionals in their efforts to improve patient outcomes.