Quantum Key Distribution Using Hadamard & CNOT Gates with Reduced Bit Consumption

Abstract

In Cryptography, the Key Distribution methods is a secure way to transmit the keys.To transmit the key,the usage of the bits is high in Classical computers, where as in Quantum Computing it take fewer qubits than classical computers. In this work, we introduce a QKD (Quantum key Distribution) method that combines the Hadamard (H) gate and the Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate to increase randomness and attack detector. The Hadamard gate creates superposition qubits, giving random outcomes that cannot be predicted unless the measurement is made. The CNOT gate uses entanglement in qubit pairs, so if anyone attempts to intercept or disturb one qubit, it can be detected immediately. Compared to classical key exchange, which often needs many bits and strong computational power this quantum approach generates secure keys using fewer bits because superposition and entanglement naturally provide randomness and correlation. Simulations of the proposed circuit show stronger security and faster key generation, making this method suitable for future lightweight and highly secure communication systems.