Proteomic subtypes enrich current acute myeloid leukemia nomenclature and reflect intrinsic pathogenesis alongside aging
Abstract
Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy that increasingly affects the older population, with its posttranscriptional landscape remaining largely elusive. Establishing a stable proteomics-based classification system and systematically screening age-related proteins and regulatory networks are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis and outcomes of AML. In this study, we leveraged a multiomics cohort of 374 patients newly diagnosed with AML, integrating proteome, phosphoproteome, genome, transcriptome, and drug screening data. Through similarity network fusion clustering, we established 8 proteomic subtypes with distinct clinical and molecular properties, including S1 (CEBPA mutations), S3 (myelodysplasia-related AML), S4 (PML::RARA), S5 (NPM1 mutations), S6 (PML::RARA and RUNX1::RUNX1T1), S8 (CBFB::MYH11), S2 and S7 (mixed), aligning well with and adding actionable value to the latest World Health Organization nomenclature of AML. Hematopoietic lineage profiling of proteins indicated that megakaryocyte/platelet- and immune-related networks characterized distinct aging patterns in AML, which were consistent with our recent findings at the RNA level. Phosphosites also demonstrated distinct age-related features. The high protein abundance of megakaryocytic signatures was observed in S2, S3, and S7 subtypes, which were associated with advanced age and dismal prognosis of patients. A hematopoietic aging score with an independent prognostic value was established based on proteomic data, where higher scores correlated with myelodysplasia-related AML, NPM1 mutations, and clonal hematopoiesis-related gene mutations. Collectively, this study provides an overview of the molecular circuits and regulatory networks of AML during the aging process, advancing current classification systems and offering a comprehensive perspective on the disease.
Article Details
Authors (29)
Wen-Yan Cheng
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Xiao Yi
Zhen-Yi Wang
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Jian-Feng Li
Xiamen University , , ,
Jun-Yi Zhang
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Rui-Hong Zhang
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Qian-Qian Zhang
Department of Chemistry
Xiang-Qin Weng
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Ting Huang
Yong-Mei Zhu
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Chao Wang
Wei Yin
Jia-Nan Zhang
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Hui-Yi Wu
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Jun-Min Li
Hong-Ming Zhu
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Li Chen
Wen-Fang Wang
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Yu-Ting Dai
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Chen-Xu Gao
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Xuan Liu
School of Energy and Power Engineering
Shan Wang
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Interdisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Sheng-Yue Wang
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Bo Jiao
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Zhu Chen
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital
Hai Fang
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Tong Yin
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Yang Shen
Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics
Sai-Juan Chen
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Centre for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Research Unit of Hematologic Malignancies Genomics and Translational Research of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine