Processable Inverse‐Vulcanized Polymers With Silicon‐Like High Refractive Index and Transmittance for Infrared Optics

H Hongbin Chen J Jianrong Guo (Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore) J Jichao Fu (Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore) Z Ziyu Wang Y Yuanda Liu (Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore) J Jun Hu K Kumar Vinod (Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore) O Omar A. M. Abdelraouf (Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore) S Siqi Liu B Binting Huang (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore) F Fangfang Huang (School of Materials Science and Engineering) H Haowen Wu S Stefan Adams (Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore) J Jinghua Teng C Chaobin He (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Polymers prepared by inverse vulcanization have demonstrated overwhelming superiority over traditional organic materials for application as infrared optical materials. It is however still a great challenge to achieve suitable refractive index ( n ) and infrared transparency for all‐organic polymers, in contrast to inorganic optical materials. Herein, poly(S‐TTF) polymers with controlled sulfur feeding ratio were constructed by inverse vulcanizing tetrathiafulvalene (TTF, a very sulfur‐rich monomer). The resulting poly(S‐TTF) possessed large polarizability, multiple reaction sites, and high symmetry that endow the polymers with increased infrared refraction and transmission. Together with remarkable stability, lightweight and good processability in imprint lithography, the poly(S60‐TTF) with 88wt% sulfur content exhibits a competitive and tunable refractive index (∼3.0) and transmittances of >60% in near and mid‐infrared regions by a millimeter‐level optical window. An ideal transmittance of visible light ( T Vis < 2%) and near infrared ( T NIR > 90%) was also realized for poly(S60‐TTF) films with 5µm thickness. Our strategy not only yields organic copolymers with competitive refractive index and exclusive infrared transmittance over inorganic materials for imaging and security applications, but also provides a valuable reference for balancing optical properties of inversed‐vulcanized polymers using sulfur‐ultrarich monomers.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 1, Issue 1
Published July 24, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (15)

H

Hongbin Chen

J

Jianrong Guo

Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore

J

Jichao Fu

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore

Z

Ziyu Wang

Y

Yuanda Liu

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore

J

Jun Hu

K

Kumar Vinod

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore

O

Omar A. M. Abdelraouf

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency For Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore

S

Siqi Liu

B

Binting Huang

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore

F

Fangfang Huang

School of Materials Science and Engineering

H

Haowen Wu

S

Stefan Adams

Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Republic of Singapore

J

Jinghua Teng

C

Chaobin He

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore