Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with advanced cancer undergoing comprehensive genomic profiling testing in Japan.

Abstract

e24108 Background: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) testing is increasingly used in patients with advanced cancer to guide precision oncology. Patients undergoing CGP testing often face limited treatment opportunities and substantial psychological burden; however, the prevalence of depression and its associated factors in this setting remains poorly understood, particularly in Japan. Clarifying the psychological impact of CGP testing is essential to identify high-risk patients and to inform the development of appropriate supportive care strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with advanced cancer undergoing CGP testing in Japan. Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study enrolled 712 patients with advanced cancer undergoing CGP testing at seven hospitals in Japan between February 2023 and April 2025. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) at the time of CGP testing explanation (T1), CGP results explanation (T2), and 6 months after registration (T3). The primary outcome was the prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) at T1 and T2. Factors associated with depression were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Among 712 participants, the prevalence of depression was 21.0% (n=148) at T1 and 19.1% (n =99/519) at T2, as measured by PHQ-9 ≥ 10. In multivariable analysis, depression was significantly associated with unemployment (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.15–3.75, p =0.017) and lower satisfaction with communication (OR [1-unit] 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.98, p =0.001). Conclusions: Depression was common among patients with advanced cancer undergoing CGP testing in Japan. Factors such as unemployment and lower satisfaction with communication were independently associated with depression, underscoring the need for psychological support strategies tailored to this population. Clinical trial information: UMIN000049964.