Prevalence and temporal trends of prostate cancer among patients with acute cardiovascular diseases in the United States: A National Inpatient Sample analysis.

Abstract

e24014 Background: Prostate cancer potentially shares cardiometabolic risk factors and an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the prevalence and trends of prostate cancer among patients with CVD remains unclear. Methods: The study utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2016 – 2021 to identify US adult patients with primary hospitalization for five common acute CVDs: aortic dissection (AD), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute heart failure (AHF), acute stroke (AS), and atrial fibrillation (AF). The overall population was divided into patients with and without prostate cancer. We calculated trends using the weighted estimates of cardiac tamponade events divided by the total number of permanent pacemaker implantations per 100,000. Trend analyses were performed using the Joinpoint regression software, which generated average annual percent change (AAPC) for trend estimates. Results: Of 3,388,293 patients with acute CVD hospitalization, 17,184 (0.51%) had comorbid diagnoses of prostate cancer. Patients with prostate cancer were likely to be younger, white, and had a higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia, anemia, and chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of prostate cancer in patients with CVD was 507.2 per 100,000 hospitalizations. The trends of prostate cancer increased significantly from 474.5 to 539.7 per 100,000 (AAPC 3.0%, CI: 1.6%, 4.5%; p < 0.01). The prevalence of prostate cancer increased among age groups with 132.2, 528.1 and 808.0 per 100,000 in ages < 65, 65-74 and ≥75 years, respectively. Also, the trends increase in each of the age groups: < 65 years (AAPC 3.7%, CI: 2.3%, 5.1%; p < 0.01); 65-74 years (AAPC 4.7%, CI: 4.0%, 5.5%; p < 0.01) and ≥75 years (AAPC 2.8%, CI: 0.7%, 5.0%; p = 0.02). Among racial/ethnic groups, Blacks had the highest prevalence of prostate cancer, 547 per 100,000; Whites, 523.1 per 100,000; Asians, 410.1 per 100,000; and Hispanics, 372.6 per 100,000. Among Blacks, the trends of prostate cancer in patients admitted for CVD showed a significant increase of 3.3% per year (p = 0.01). Whites also showed a similar increase in tends of 3.2% per year (p < 0.01), and Asians with a significant increase of 2.8% per year. On the other hand, Hispanics showed a stable increase in trends (p = 0.2918). The in-hospital mortality showed a stable decrease across the study period (p = 4942). The length of hospital stay was also stable in the study period (p = 0.2155). However, the total charge of hospitalization increased by 7.8% per year from 2016 to 2021 (p = 0.0004). Conclusions: The national database revealed that the prevalence and trends of prostate cancer is increasing among patients hospitalized with CVD. Attention to detailed causality and continued surveillance are needed to further clarify the clinical characteristics of prostate cancer among patients with CVD.