Prevalence and factors associated with Helicobacter Pylori infection among patients with dyspeptic symptoms in Tanzania: Experience from temeke regional referral hospital in Dar Es Salaam

Abstract

Introduction Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that infects the stomach lining and can cause various gastrointestinal disorders, such as dyspepsia, gastritis and peptic ulcers. Dyspepsia is a common symptom among patients seeking medical care, and Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common causes of dyspepsia. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among patients attending Temeke Regional Referral Hospital (RRH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving dyspeptic patients was conducted between May and June 2023. A Standardized data collection tool was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and other information such as level of income and source of water. Helicobacter pylori antigen was detected using a stool Helicobacter pylori antigen rapid test according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Data analysis was done using STATA 15 computer software. Results The study revealed that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among dyspeptic patients was 43.77%. Also, male sex, occasional hand washing habits and participants who were not sure whether they used treated water for drinking were the factors that were strongly associated with positive Helicobacter pylori infection. Conclusion Preventive measures and eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection should be considered worthy by public health authorities. More studies have to be emphasized to check the relationship between sex and Helicobacter pylori infection.