Plasmonic Enhancement of Fluorescence and Protein Dynamics in Living Mammalian Cells

M Marco Locarno (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) Q Qiangrui Dong (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) M Marco Post (St.Antoius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands) X Xin Meng C Cristiano Glessi (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) N Nynke Marije Hettema (Department of Bionanoscience Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) N Nidas Brandsma (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) S Sebbe Blokhuizen (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) A Alejandro Castañeda Garcia (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) S Srividya Ganapathy (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) T Thieme Schmidt (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) L Lars van Roemburg (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) B Bing Xu C Chun‐Ting Cho (Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands) L Liedewij Laan M Miao‐Ping Chien (Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands) D Daan Brinks (Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands)

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study shows that coupling to designed plasmonic nanoparticles can modulate the electrophysiological function of proteins in living mammalian cells. Nanostar‐shaped particles, that are robust to biological noise, are designed to enable near‐field‐coupling to plasma membrane‐localized mutated Archaerhodopsin proteins in live cells. The coupled rhodopsins exhibit enhanced fluorescence and an increased response speed to membrane voltage. Incorporating this plasmonic enhancement into a Markov chain photocycle model of the Archaerhodopsin mutant QuasAr6a, shows an increased fluorescence emission rate and manipulation of the protein dynamics through a combination of photocycle transition rate enhancements. The results show an improvement in fluorescence and voltage‐response dynamics of the functional QuasAr6a Archaerhodopsin mutant, beyond what has been achievable through genetic engineering. This opens up possibilities for engineering the biological functionality of proteins through plasmonics: manipulating protein photocycles could improve light sensitivity, change optogenetic applications, and lead to fluorescent biosensors with enhanced dynamics.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 45
Published August 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (17)

M

Marco Locarno

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

Q

Qiangrui Dong

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

M

Marco Post

St.Antoius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands

X

Xin Meng

C

Cristiano Glessi

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

N

Nynke Marije Hettema

Department of Bionanoscience Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

N

Nidas Brandsma

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

S

Sebbe Blokhuizen

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

A

Alejandro Castañeda Garcia

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

S

Srividya Ganapathy

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

T

Thieme Schmidt

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

L

Lars van Roemburg

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

B

Bing Xu

C

Chun‐Ting Cho

Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

L

Liedewij Laan

M

Miao‐Ping Chien

Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands

D

Daan Brinks

Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands