Plasma CXCL13 and fibrosis biomarkers in COVID-19 compared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Abstract
Abstract COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global health, particularly evident in the detection of lung lesions via chest computed tomography scans. This study investigates the role of biomarkers in lung injury among COVID-19 patients and patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This single-center prospective study included 154 hospitalized and 10 outpatient COVID-19 patients, 62 IPF patients, and 40 healthy volunteers, and evaluated biomarkers of alveolar epithelial cell dysfunction, extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibroblast dysfunction, and macrophage/monocyte activation (Galectin-3, CXCL13). Findings were further validated in an independant confirmation cohort (DisCoVeRy trial). COVID-19 patients had higher levels of biomarkers compared to healthy controls, except for SP-D. Compared to IPF patients, COVID-19 patients had significantly higher plasma levels of OPN, Galectin-3 and CXCL13 at admission. Elevated CXCL13 and Galectin-3 levels in COVID-19 were associated with greater lung injury. Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan Meier analysis confirmed the role of CXCL13 in predicting severe lung injury (odd ratio 3.17, 95% CI 1.03–9.76) and in-hospital mortality (p = 0.04), with consistent results observed in the confirmation cohort. COVID-19 is characterized by increased ECM and macrophage activation biomarkers compared with IPF. CXCL13 may serve as a relevant biomarker for assessing lung injury and improving risk stratification at hospital admission.
Article Details
Authors (117)
Nicolas Gendron
Department of Hematology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre–Université Paris Cité, Paris
Carla Rial
Clément R. Massonnaud
An Nguyen
Aurélien Philippe
Katharina Rus
Hilario Nunes
Olivier Sanchez
Université Paris Cité, Paris
Nathan Peiffer-Smadja
Maya Hites
Jeanne Rancic
Yazdan Yazdanpanah
Department of Infectious Diseases, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital
Sandrine Couffin-Cadièrgues
Hélène Esperou
Bernd Lamprecht
Michael Joannidis
Alexander Egle
Richard Greil
Antoine Altdorfer
Vincent Fraipont
Leila Belkhir
David Bougon
Félix Djossou
Loïc Epelboin
Jean Dellamonica
Charles-Hugo Marquette
Claire Andrejak
Yoann Zerbib
Catherine Chirouze
Alexandre Boyer
Charles Cazanave
Didier Gruson
Denis Malvy
Pascal Andreu
Jean-Pierre Quenot
Nicolas Terzi
Karine Faure
Cyrille Chabartier
Vincent Le Moing
Kada Klouche
Tristan Ferry
Florent Valour
Benjamin Gaborit
Emmanuel Canet
Paul Le Turnier
David Boutoille
Fabrice Bani-Sadr
François Benezit
Matthieu Revest
Claire Cameli
Amandine Caro
Marie-Julie Ngo Um Tegue
Yves Le Tulzo
Bruno Laviolle
Fabrice Laine
Guillaume Thiery
Ferhat Meziani
Yves Hansmann
Walid Oulehri
Charles Tacquard
François Vardon-Bounes
Béatrice Riu-Poulenc
Marlène Murris-Espin
Louis Bernard
Denis Garot
Olivier Hinschberger
Marc Martinot
Cédric Bruel
Benoit Pilmis
Olivier Bouchaud
Paul Loubet
Claire Roger
Xavier Monnet
Samy Figueiredo
Valérie Godard
Jean-Paul Mira
Marie Lachatre
Solen Kernéis
Jérôme Aboab
Naomi Sayre
Flora Crockett
David Lebeaux
Audrey Buffet
Jean-Luc Diehl
Aurélie Fayol
Jean-Sébastien Hulot
Marion Livrozet
Armand Mekontso-Dessap
Cécile Ficko
François Stefan
Jérôme Le Pavec
Julien Mayaux
Hafid Ait-Oufella
Jean-Michel Molina
Gilles Pialoux
Murielle Fartoukh
Julien Textoris
Marie Brossard
Audrey Essat
Emmanuelle Netzer
Yves Riault
Michaël Ghislain
Léa Beniguel
Marion Genin
Lina Gouichiche
Camille Betard
Laurence Wittkop
Sandra Braz
João Miguel Ferreira Ribeiro
Roberto Roncon Albuquerque
Marc Berna
Maya Alexandre
France Mentré
Florence Ader
Dominique Israel-Biet
Olivier Espitia
David M. Smadja