Physiological characteristics and green production NiO nanoparticle synthesis employing Moringa Oleifera lam extract to assess in vitro cytotoxicity, antibacterial

Abstract

Abstract Moringa Oleifera is a medicinal plant that is used in the production of cytotoxic agents, which are used in cancer treatment to prevent the division and spread of cancer cells. The present study investigates the cytotoxic activity of NiO nanoparticles (NiONPs) produced by means of green synthesis using Moringa Oleifera on human cancer cell lines (HEP-G2). The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was also evaluated in relation to the carbapenem (CRO), chloramphenicol (C), ampicillin (AM), cephalothin (KF) and meropenem (MEM) antibiotics, as well as Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) (+) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) (-) bacteria. NiONPs demonstrated a high cytotoxic value of 91.05% against HEP-G2 cancer cells. The study established that 1 µg/ml resulted in 85.2% of HEP-G2 cancer cell death. The study demonstrated high levels of antibacterial resistance at low concentrations (0.0315 µg/mol). The high sensitivity of the bacteria was determined for Chloramphenicol (C) and Meropenem (MEM) for S. mutans and for all antibiotics for E. coli bacteria. It was demonstrated that S. mutans and E. coli bacteria exhibited high susceptibility to only chloramphenicol (C) and meropenem (MEM) antibiotics. The NiONPs demonstrated a spherical morphology, with grain sizes ranging from 24 to 40 nm, and a surface plasma resonance (SPR) peak at 356 nm. NiONPs prepared with Moringa oleifera plant are suitable for biomedical applications due to their very high level of toxicity against HEP-G2, strong antibiotic sensitivity and antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and E. coli.