PD-1–based combinations before autologous transplant are associated with improved outcomes in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

S Sanjal H. Desai (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) A Alison J. Moskowitz (3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY) R Reid W. Merryman (4Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) H Harsh Shah L Levi D. Pederson (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) S Susan M. Geyer (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) N Nivetha Ganesan (3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY) T Tiffany Chang T Tamer Othman (36Hematology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, and Cellular Therapy Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA) A Ayo S. Falade (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) G Gunjan L. Shah (Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York) U Urshila Durani (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) N Nuttavut Sumransub (2Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN) L Lay She Ng (Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States) K Kelsey Baron (5Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT) S Shin Yeu Ong (7Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore) K Kevin Yoon (8Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA) S Stephen M. Ansell (3Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo School of Graduate Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) P Philippe Armand (4Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) S Siddharth Iyengar (9Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA) I Ivana Micallef (1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN) R Robert Stuver (3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY) A Alex F. Herrera (10Duarte Cancer Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA) M Matthew Mei (10Division of Lymphoma, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA)

Abstract

Abstract Combination therapy incorporating programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade results in unprecedented response rates in both frontline and relapsed/refractory (R/R) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Previous retrospective studies have suggested benefit for PD-1 blockade before autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) but included few patients receiving PD-1 blockade with cytotoxic chemotherapy. To explore the impact of anti–PD-1 based salvage on outcomes for patients with R/R cHL, we retrospectively reviewed 1280 patients with R/R cHL who underwent ASCT from 2010 to 2022 at 6 transplant centers, none of whom received PD-1 blockade as part of frontline therapy. Overall, 25% received a PD-1 inhibitor at any point before ASCT (10% in conjunction with chemotherapy), 28% received salvage brentuximab vedotin (BV) without PD-1 blockade, and the rest received salvage chemotherapy alone. Patients who received PD-1 inhibitors at any point before ASCT had a significantly higher 2-year progression-free survival than those who received BV without PD-1 inhibitors or patients receiving chemotherapy alone (88.2%, 70.2%, and 67.4%, respectively; P< .0001). When restricted to patients in complete response before ASCT, the benefit of PD-1 blockade remained significant. PD-1 blockade before ASCT is independently associated with superior post-ASCT outcomes and patients proceeding to ASCT should be treated with PD-1–based salvage.

Article Details

Journal Blood
Volume / Issue Vol. 147, Issue 10
Published March 05, 2026
Pages 1125-1134
ISSN 0006-4971
Publisher Elsevier BV

Journal Info

Blood

Elsevier BV

ISSN: 0006-4971 Health Sciences

Authors (24)

S

Sanjal H. Desai

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

A

Alison J. Moskowitz

3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

R

Reid W. Merryman

4Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

H

Harsh Shah

L

Levi D. Pederson

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

S

Susan M. Geyer

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

N

Nivetha Ganesan

3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

T

Tiffany Chang

T

Tamer Othman

36Hematology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, and Cellular Therapy Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

A

Ayo S. Falade

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

G

Gunjan L. Shah

Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York

U

Urshila Durani

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

N

Nuttavut Sumransub

2Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN

L

Lay She Ng

Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

K

Kelsey Baron

5Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT

S

Shin Yeu Ong

7Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

K

Kevin Yoon

8Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA

S

Stephen M. Ansell

3Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo School of Graduate Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

P

Philippe Armand

4Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

S

Siddharth Iyengar

9Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA

I

Ivana Micallef

1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

R

Robert Stuver

3Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

A

Alex F. Herrera

10Duarte Cancer Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA

M

Matthew Mei

10Division of Lymphoma, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA