Non-Invasive geophysical imaging reveals Ptolemaic tombs at Al-Dyabat for global archaeological applications

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a geophysical investigation aimed at identifying Ptolemaic Period tombs and associated archaeological structures at Al-Dyabat archaeological hill, near Akhmim City, Egypt. The site gained international attention following the 2018 discovery of the tomb of the Priest Tutu. Combined ground magnetic surveying and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) were used at the promising selected site. Integrated analysis revealed subsurface anomalies interpreted as tomb chambers, mudbrick walls, and possible limestone coffins, located at depths between 0.2 and 3 m. The combination of magnetic and GPR data significantly enhanced the detection capabilities and structural resolution, demonstrating the effectiveness of multimodal geophysics in archaeological contexts. Beyond its regional relevance, this work offers a transferable model for non-invasive archaeological prospection in sensitive heritage zones worldwide. It underscores the value of geophysical integration in cultural heritage preservation, offering insights into best practices for sustainable and non-destructive archaeological exploration.