Neonatal factors impacting umbilical cord blood unit characteristics

Abstract

Abstract A promising alternative to bone marrow in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is umbilical cord blood (UCB). Major barrier to its use in transplantation is stem cell quantity and quality. It is crucial to determine the variables impacting the quality of these cells for bankability. The study aimed to investigate the impact of neonatal factors on UCB units. A total of 150 UCB units that were collected during the caesarean section were included in the study. The sex, birth order, gestational age, birth weight, chest circumference, head circumference, and Apgar score of the newborns were recorded after delivery. The cord blood volume was calculated. The numbers of CD34 + cells and total nucleated cells (TNCs) were determined. Univariate analysis revealed that larger babies, heavier placental weights, increased head and chest circumferences, and longer umbilical cords were associated with greater volumes of cord blood and higher CD34 + and TNC cell counts. A greater UCB volume and a higher CD34 + cell count was associated with a longer gestational duration. To determine the primary selection criteria and estimate the yield, a multivariate linear regression analysis was used. Heavier placentas had higher TNC and CD34 + cell counts and greater cord blood volumes. Larger babies gave UCB units with increased volume. Longer gestational-age newborns had a higher CD34 + cell count in their UCB unit. Our findings suggest that placental weight is the key predictive variable influencing the quantity and quality of UCB units, which is essential for successful cord blood transplantation and bankability.