Muon imaging of a blast furnace: The European project BLEMAB

D D. Borselli (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,) F F. Ambrosino P P. Andreetto (INFN Padova and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova 1 , Padova,) L L. Bonechi (INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,) G G. Bonomi S S. Bottai (INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,) T T. Buhles (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,) I I. Calliari (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,) P P. Checchia U U. Chiarotti (RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,) C C. Cialdai (INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,) R R. Ciaranfi (INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,) L L. Cimmino V V. Ciulli R R. D’Alessandro P P. G. De Seta Cosentino (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,) E E. Faraci (RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,) F F. Finke (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,) A A. Franzen (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,) C C. Frosin C C. Gennari (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,) B B. Glaser (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,) S S. Gonzi (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,) A A. Lorenzon (INFN Padova and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova 1 , Padova,) V V. Masone V V. Moroli (RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,) O O. Nechyporuk (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,) A A. Paccagnella (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,) L L. Pezzato (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,) B B. V. Rangavittal (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,) D D. Ressegotti (RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 14 , Dalmine (Bergamo),) G G. Saracino R R. P. Santos Ferreira (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,) J J. Sauerwarld (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,) O O. Starodubtsev (INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,) H H. Upadhyay (Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,) F F. Volzone (RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,) M M. Vynnycky (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,)

Abstract

In the central area of a blast furnace, called “cohesive zone,” the high temperature up to 2000°C allows us to melt most of the materials in input. The performance of a blast furnace depends on the shape and density of the cohesive zone, and, therefore, its characteristics (i.e., location and extension) are important. Muography, being a passive and non-invasive technique, represents a valid alternative to the most common techniques in the steel industry for the blast furnace monitoring that involve the use of special probes capable of reaching very high temperatures, but which, however, are unable to reach this area before melting or functioning for a long time. The cohesive zone could be passively and continuously observed for a long time with muography and could be visible as a high-density anomaly inside the blast furnace. In this work, the BLEMAB (BLast furnace stack density Estimation through on-line Muon ABsorption measurements) European project (2020–2024) is described. The detectors, the two measurements performed and the first results on the density distribution showing the potential of the technique in the steel industry, will be presented. These results have then been compared with measurements performed in parallel with other techniques such as eMPVP (enhanced MultiPoint Vertical Probes) finding some compatibilities.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 138, Issue 8
Published August 28, 2025
ISSN 0021-8979
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Journal of Applied Physics

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0021-8979 Physical Sciences

Authors (38)

D

D. Borselli

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,

F

F. Ambrosino

P

P. Andreetto

INFN Padova and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova 1 , Padova,

L

L. Bonechi

INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,

G

G. Bonomi

S

S. Bottai

INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,

T

T. Buhles

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,

I

I. Calliari

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,

P

P. Checchia

U

U. Chiarotti

RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,

C

C. Cialdai

INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,

R

R. Ciaranfi

INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,

L

L. Cimmino

V

V. Ciulli

R

R. D’Alessandro

P

P. G. De Seta Cosentino

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,

E

E. Faraci

RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,

F

F. Finke

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,

A

A. Franzen

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,

C

C. Frosin

C

C. Gennari

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,

B

B. Glaser

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,

S

S. Gonzi

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,

A

A. Lorenzon

INFN Padova and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova 1 , Padova,

V

V. Masone

V

V. Moroli

RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,

O

O. Nechyporuk

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,

A

A. Paccagnella

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence 1 , Florence,

L

L. Pezzato

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua 9 , Padua,

B

B. V. Rangavittal

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,

D

D. Ressegotti

RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 14 , Dalmine (Bergamo),

G

G. Saracino

R

R. P. Santos Ferreira

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,

J

J. Sauerwarld

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Bremen GmbH 8 , Bremen,

O

O. Starodubtsev

INFN, Florence Division 2 , Florence,

H

H. Upadhyay

Ironmaking Department, ArcelorMittal Maizières Research SA 11 , Maizières-lès-Metz,

F

F. Volzone

RINA Consulting, Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA 10 , Rome,

M

M. Vynnycky

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 12 , Stockholm,