Multiferroic Orders and Piezoelectric Sensing in an Organic‐Inorganic Bismuth Halide
Abstract
ABSTRACT Multiple ferroic orders integrated into a single material pose great potential for next‐generation sensing, memory and switching devices. Organic‐inorganic hybrid materials (OIHMs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their synergistic combination of functional organic cations and inorganic frameworks. However, obtaining multiferroic materials has long been a continuous challenge, and bismuth‐based OIHM multiferroics remain a blank to date. Here, we report a multiferroic OIHM (DMPA) 3 Bi 2 Br 9 (DMPA = N,N ‐dimethylisopropylamine), which couples ferroelectric and ferroelastic properties for the first time among bismuth‐based OIHMs. Driven by dynamic cation reorientation, (DMPA) 3 Bi 2 Br 9 undergoes multiple symmetry‐breaking processes, enabling m F m ‐type ferroelectric and 3 m F m ‐type multiferroic phase transitions as well as exceptional four‐state SHG transition behaviors. Benefiting from these attributes, (DMPA) 3 Bi 2 Br 9 crystals achieve a notable piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of 35 pC/N, enabling its flexible composite with polyurethane to show excellent piezoelectric sensing responses for pose recognition. This work not only expands the family of multiferroic materials but also underscores their promise for next‐generation flexible electronics and switching devices.
Article Details
Authors (15)
Lei Pan
Department of Chemistry
Hao‐Fei Ni
Institute for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
Pei‐Zhi Huang
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Hui‐Hao Li
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Meng‐Jun Lin
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Gele Teri
Jia‐Qi Luo
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Lou‐Kai Ye
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Jie‐Ke Xu
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Qiang‐Qiang Jia
Institute For Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 People's Republic of China
Chang‐Feng Wang
Institute for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
Zun‐Qi Liu
Key Laboratory of High‐Value Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry By‐Products, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052 People's Republic of China
Zhi‐Xu Zhang
Institute for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
Yi Zhang
Da‐Wei Fu
Institute for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China