Molecular design of a therapeutic LSD analogue with reduced hallucinogenic potential

J Jeremy R. Tuck (Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California) L Lee E. Dunlap (Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California) Y Yara A. Khatib (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) C Cassandra J. Hatzipantelis (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) S Sammy Weiser Novak (Waitt Advanced Biophotonic Core, Salk Institute) R Rachel M. Rahn (Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine) A Alexis R. Davis (Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California) A Adam Mosswood (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) A Anna M. M. Vernier (Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California) E Ethan M. Fenton (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) I Isak K. Aarrestad (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) R Robert J. Tombari (Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California) S Samuel J. Carter (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) Z Zachary Deane (Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies) Y Yuning Wang (Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China) A Arlo Sheridan (Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies) M Monica A. Gonzalez (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) A Arabo A. Avanes (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) N Noel A. Powell (Delix Therapeutics, Inc) M Milan Chytil (Delix Therapeutics, Inc) S Sharon Engel (Delix Therapeutics, Inc) J James C. Fettinger (Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave. Davis, Sacramento, California 95616, United States) A Amaya R. Jenkins (Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital) W William A. Carlezon (Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital) A Alex S. Nord (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California) B Brian D. Kangas (Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital) K Kurt Rasmussen (Delix Therapeutics, Inc) C Conor Liston (Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine) U Uri Manor (Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies) D David E. Olson (Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California)

Abstract

Decreased dendritic spine density in the cortex is a key pathological feature of neuropsychiatric diseases including depression, addiction, and schizophrenia (SCZ). Psychedelics possess a remarkable ability to promote cortical neuron growth and increase spine density; however, these compounds are contraindicated for patients with SCZ or a family history of psychosis. Here, we report the molecular design and de novo total synthesis of (+)-JRT, a structural analogue of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) with lower hallucinogenic potential and potent neuroplasticity-promoting properties. In addition to promoting spinogenesis in the cortex, (+)-JRT produces therapeutic effects in behavioral assays relevant to depression and cognition without exacerbating behavioral and gene expression signatures relevant to psychosis. This work underscores the potential of nonhallucinogenic psychoplastogens for treating diseases where the use of psychedelics presents significant safety concerns.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 16
Published April 22, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (30)

J

Jeremy R. Tuck

Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California

L

Lee E. Dunlap

Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California

Y

Yara A. Khatib

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

C

Cassandra J. Hatzipantelis

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

S

Sammy Weiser Novak

Waitt Advanced Biophotonic Core, Salk Institute

R

Rachel M. Rahn

Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine

A

Alexis R. Davis

Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California

A

Adam Mosswood

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

A

Anna M. M. Vernier

Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California

E

Ethan M. Fenton

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

I

Isak K. Aarrestad

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

R

Robert J. Tombari

Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate Program, University of California

S

Samuel J. Carter

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

Z

Zachary Deane

Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies

Y

Yuning Wang

Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China

A

Arlo Sheridan

Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies

M

Monica A. Gonzalez

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

A

Arabo A. Avanes

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

N

Noel A. Powell

Delix Therapeutics, Inc

M

Milan Chytil

Delix Therapeutics, Inc

S

Sharon Engel

Delix Therapeutics, Inc

J

James C. Fettinger

Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave. Davis, Sacramento, California 95616, United States

A

Amaya R. Jenkins

Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital

W

William A. Carlezon

Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital

A

Alex S. Nord

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California

B

Brian D. Kangas

Jerry and Phyllis Rappaport Center of Excellence in Basic Neuroscience Research, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital

K

Kurt Rasmussen

Delix Therapeutics, Inc

C

Conor Liston

Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine

U

Uri Manor

Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies

D

David E. Olson

Institute for Psychedelics and Neurotherapeutics, University of California