MDM2 suppresses c-Myc synthesis by binding to the 5’ mRNA translation regulatory sequence

J Justine Habault (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis) N Norman Salomao (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis) L Lixiao Wang (Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University) L Laurence Malbert-Colas (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis) C Chrysoula Daskalogianni (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis) S Sivakumar Vadivel Gnanasundram (Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University) M Mitesh Dongre (Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Umeå University) M Marzia Spagnardi (Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine) L Lucia Martinkova (Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute) S Sa Chen (Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University) L Lenka Hernychová (Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute) L Lucas Robidas (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis) J Josef Kucera (Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute) O Ondřej Bonczek (Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute) D Daniel Öhlund (Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Umeå University) M Michael J. Garabedian (Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine) S Susan K. Logan (Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine) B Borek Vojtesek (Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute) R Robin Fahraeus (Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis)

Abstract

The p53 tumor suppressor and the c-Myc oncogene are among the most frequently deregulated genes in human cancers, yet the molecular cross talk between these pathways remains poorly understood. MDM2 is a key negative regulator of p53 and a target for emerging cancer therapies designed to activate p53. Likewise, targeting c-Myc is a long-standing but challenging goal in cancer therapy. Here, we report that the small MDM2-binding drug Milademetan promotes an interaction between MDM2 and the 5’ untranslated region of the c-Myc mRNA, causing a suppression of c-Myc mRNA translation without affecting c-Myc RNA levels. The interaction also occurs under nonproliferative conditions in the absence of drug. Milademetan-mediated c-Myc depletion is accompanied by the induction of apoptosis and suppression of cell proliferation and prevents tumor growth, independently of p53 status. These findings reveal an unexpected mechanism by which MDM2 coordinates two of the most frequently altered pathways in cancer and provide a rationale for targeting c-Myc-driven tumors, including those lacking functional p53, through MDM2 modulators.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 26
Published June 30, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (19)

J

Justine Habault

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis

N

Norman Salomao

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis

L

Lixiao Wang

Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University

L

Laurence Malbert-Colas

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis

C

Chrysoula Daskalogianni

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis

S

Sivakumar Vadivel Gnanasundram

Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University

M

Mitesh Dongre

Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Umeå University

M

Marzia Spagnardi

Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine

L

Lucia Martinkova

Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute

S

Sa Chen

Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University

L

Lenka Hernychová

Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute

L

Lucas Robidas

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis

J

Josef Kucera

Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute

O

Ondřej Bonczek

Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute

D

Daniel Öhlund

Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Umeå University

M

Michael J. Garabedian

Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine

S

Susan K. Logan

Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine

B

Borek Vojtesek

Research Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute

R

Robin Fahraeus

Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1342, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis