Maya Postclassic persistence in the Birds of Paradise Wetland Fields, Belize

L Lara M. Sánchez-Morales (Department of Anthropology, New York University) T Timothy P. Beach (Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin) S Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach (Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin) S Samantha Krause (Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Texas State University) D Duncan Cook (School of Arts and Humanities, Australian Catholic University) B Byron Smith (Department of Anthropology, California State Polytechnic University Humboldt) D David Lentz (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati) C Carlos Quiroz (Belize Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Technology) W William Pratt (Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin) L Lori Phillips (Acacia Heritage Consulting) T Thomas Guderjan (Department of Social Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler) C Colleen Hanratty (Department of Social Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler) F Fred Valdez (Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin)

Abstract

Rapid decay of organic artifacts obscures our view of ancient tropical settlements. We present a study of architecture and artifact assemblages from an ancient settlement excavated at the Birds of Paradise (BOP) fields, the largest lidar and field-validated ancient Maya wetland field complex. The site’s unique setting preserved architectural wood and provides exceptional evidence of Maya Terminal Classic (CE 800 to 1000) to Postclassic (CE 1000 to 1500) persistence within tropical wetlands through periods of large-scale societal and climate change. A new Bayesian chronological model tightens the occupation history for the broader BOP wetlands based on 14 new radiocarbon dates of wood and charcoal from this settlement. These wetlands and their preserved ancient wood face imminent destruction through modern land uses.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 10
Published March 10, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (13)

L

Lara M. Sánchez-Morales

Department of Anthropology, New York University

T

Timothy P. Beach

Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin

S

Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach

Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin

S

Samantha Krause

Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Texas State University

D

Duncan Cook

School of Arts and Humanities, Australian Catholic University

B

Byron Smith

Department of Anthropology, California State Polytechnic University Humboldt

D

David Lentz

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati

C

Carlos Quiroz

Belize Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Technology

W

William Pratt

Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin

L

Lori Phillips

Acacia Heritage Consulting

T

Thomas Guderjan

Department of Social Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler

C

Colleen Hanratty

Department of Social Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler

F

Fred Valdez

Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin