Lithographically Controlled Liquid Metal Diffusion in Graphene: Fabrication and Magnetotransport Signatures of Superconductivity
Abstract
Abstract Metal intercalation in epitaxial graphene enables the emergence of proximity‐induced superconductivity and modified quantum transport properties. However, systematic transport studies of intercalated graphene have been hindered by challenges in device fabrication, including processing‐induced deintercalation and instability under standard lithographic techniques. Here, a lithographically controlled intercalation approach is introduced that enables the scalable fabrication of gallium‐intercalated quasi‐freestanding bilayer graphene (QFBLG) Hall bar devices. By integrating lithographic structuring with subsequent intercalation through dedicated intercalation channels, this method ensures precise control over metal incorporation while preserving device integrity. Magnetotransport measurements reveal superconductivity with a critical temperature ≈ 3.5 K and the occurrence of a transverse resistance, including both symmetric and antisymmetric field components, which is attributed to the symmetric‐in‐field component of non‐uniform currents. These results establish an advanced fabrication method for intercalated graphene devices, providing access to systematic investigations of confined 2D superconductivity and emergent electronic phases in van der Waals heterostructures.
Article Details
Authors (19)
Stefan Wundrack
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Marc Bothe
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Marcelo Jaime
Kathrin Küster
Max‐Planck‐Institut für Festkörperforschung Heisenbergstraße 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
Markus Gruschwitz
Institut für Physik Technische Universität Chemnitz Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany
Yefei Yin
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Zamin Mamiyev
Institut für Physik Technische Universität Chemnitz Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany
Philip Schädlich
Bharti Matta
Max‐Planck‐Institut für Festkörperforschung Heisenbergstraße 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
Sawani Datta
Max‐Planck‐Institut Für Festkörperforschung Stuttgart Germany
Marius Eckert
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Christoph Tegenkamp
Department of Physics Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany
Ulrich Starke
Max‐Planck‐Institut Für Festkörperforschung Stuttgart Germany
Rainer Stosch
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Hans Werner Schumacher
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt 1 , Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig,
Thomas Seyller
Klaus Pierz
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Teresa Tschirner
Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany
Andrey Bakin
Institut für Halbleitertechnik Technische Universität Braunschweig Hans‐Sommer Straße 66 D‐38106 Braunschweig Germany