Large flexoelectric-like response of SrTiO3 ceramics sintered in the reducing atmosphere

X Xinrong Yang (The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China) X Xu Yang B Baoju Xia (CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China 2 , Hefei 230026,) X Xiongxin Guo (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026,) Y Yagang Qi (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026,) B Baojin Chu (CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China 2 , Hefei 230026,)

Abstract

The relatively low flexoelectric coefficient of SrTiO3 (STO) ceramics severely restricts their effectiveness in practical applications. Treatment under reducing conditions or low oxygen pressure is an effective way to increase their flexoelectric coefficients. In this work, STO ceramics with a large flexoelectric coefficient (reaching 1300 μC/m) were prepared by sintering under N2/H2 reducing atmosphere. We demonstrated that there is inhomogeneity of oxygen vacancies in the surface layer of the reduced ceramics. The surface layer may be transformed into a ferroelectric phase and polarized due to the existence of inhomogeneously distributed oxygen vacancies. These research findings provide an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of the flexoelectric response and a feasible strategy to improve the response of STO ceramics.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 139, Issue 9
Published March 07, 2026
ISSN 0021-8979
Publisher American Institute of Physics

Journal Info

Journal of Applied Physics

American Institute of Physics

ISSN: 0021-8979 Physical Sciences

Authors (6)

X

Xinrong Yang

The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

X

Xu Yang

B

Baoju Xia

CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China 2 , Hefei 230026,

X

Xiongxin Guo

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026,

Y

Yagang Qi

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026,

B

Baojin Chu

CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China 2 , Hefei 230026,