KrishiMitra : An IoT-Based Smart Farming System for Intelligent Crop Selection and Farm Automation

Abstract

This paper presents "KrishiMitra,"an IoT-enabled precision farming system designed to modernize traditional agriculture through data-driven automation. Addressing challenges such as water scarcity and nutrient mismanagement, the system integrates an Arduino-based sensor node featuring industrial RS485 NPK and capacitive soil moisture sensors. A Python Flask backend utilizes the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Machine Learning algorithm to analyze environmental data and provide intelligent crop recommendations. Key features include a closed-loop control system that automates irrigation based on real- time soil dryness and rain detection, alongside precision fertigation to correct nutrient deficiencies. Experimental results demonstrate a 50% reduction in water usage and significant optimization of fertilizer inputs, all accessible to farmers via a simplified web dashboard.