JAK2 inhibition mediates clonal selection of RAS pathway mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms

N Nabih Maslah N Nina Kaci B Blandine Roux G Gabriela Alexe (Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute) R Raphael Marie H Hélène Pasquer E Emmanuelle Verger R Rafael Daltro De Oliveira C Cécile Culeux B Bochra Mlayah N Nicolas Gauthier F Fanny Gonzales L Lin-Pierre Zhao S Saravanan Ganesan P Panhong Gou F Frank Ling J Juliette Soret-Dulphy N Nathalie Parquet W William Vainchenker E Emmanuel Raffoux R Rose Ann Padua S Stéphane Giraudier C Caroline Marty I Isabelle Plo (INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 1287, Villejuif, France) C Camille Lobry K Kimberly Stegmaier (Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute) A Alexandre Puissant J Jean-Jacques Kiladjian B Bruno Cassinat L Lina Benajiba

Abstract

Abstract JAK (Janus Kinase) inhibitors, such as ruxolitinib, were introduced a decade ago for treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). To evaluate ruxolitinib’s impact on MPN clonal evolution, we interrogate a myelofibrosis patient cohort with longitudinal molecular evaluation and discover that ruxolitinib is associated with clonal outgrowth of RAS pathway mutations. Single-cell DNA sequencing combined with ex vivo treatment of RAS mutated CD34+ primary patient cells, demonstrates that ruxolitinib induces RAS clonal selection both in a JAK/STAT wild-type and hyper-activated context. RAS mutations are associated with decreased transformation-free and overall survival only in patients treated with ruxolitinib. In vitro and in vivo competition assays demonstrate increased cellular fitness of RAS-mutated cells under ruxolitinib or JAK2 knock-down, consistent with an on-target effect. MAPK pathway activation is associated with JAK2 downregulation resulting in enhanced oncogenic potential of RAS mutations. Our results prompt screening for pre-existing RAS mutations in JAK inhibitor treated patients with MPN.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published July 08, 2025
ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Nature Communications

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2041-1723 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (30)

N

Nabih Maslah

N

Nina Kaci

B

Blandine Roux

G

Gabriela Alexe

Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

R

Raphael Marie

H

Hélène Pasquer

E

Emmanuelle Verger

R

Rafael Daltro De Oliveira

C

Cécile Culeux

B

Bochra Mlayah

N

Nicolas Gauthier

F

Fanny Gonzales

L

Lin-Pierre Zhao

S

Saravanan Ganesan

P

Panhong Gou

F

Frank Ling

J

Juliette Soret-Dulphy

N

Nathalie Parquet

W

William Vainchenker

E

Emmanuel Raffoux

R

Rose Ann Padua

S

Stéphane Giraudier

C

Caroline Marty

I

Isabelle Plo

INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 1287, Villejuif, France

C

Camille Lobry

K

Kimberly Stegmaier

Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

A

Alexandre Puissant

J

Jean-Jacques Kiladjian

B

Bruno Cassinat

L

Lina Benajiba