Ion-acoustic waves dynamics in magnetized cometary plasma: nonlinear periodic and super-periodic waves with ion nonextensivity

Abstract

Abstract We explored the bifurcation analysis of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized cometary plasma composed of hydrogen ions, positively and negatively charged oxygen ions, kappa-described hot solar electrons, and somewhat cooler cometary electrons. The modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation was derived using the reductive perturbation approach. Depending on the system’s characteristics, all conceivable phase pictures are provided, including periodic, homoclinic, and superperiodic trajectories. The presence of rarefactive and compressive solitary waves is demonstrated. Furthermore, the plasma system under discussion accommodates both nonlinear and supernonlinear periodic waves. It has been discovered that the nonextensivity of ions considerably alters the properties and has a considerable impact on the bifurcation of waves. The amplitudes of the solitary waves appear to be well connected with the existence of water molecules in cometary plasma, as well as the photoionization processes that accompany them.