Individualized neoantigen vaccine with nivolumab plus cabozantinib for translocation renal cell carcinoma: Single patient investigational new drug.

Abstract

537 Background: Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is a rare renal cell carcinoma subtype found in about 1-4% of adult patients with RCC and 40% of pediatric RCC cases. Management of advanced tRCC has been guided by clear cell RCC therapy and retrospective reviews which include tRCC cohorts. Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to improve outcomes. This study assessed an individualized neoantigen vaccine with nivolumab plus cabozantinib in a patient with metastatic TFE3-tRCC. Methods: Patient was consented (IRB# 20-011945) for a single-patient investigational new drug (IND#27755). In-house neoantigen prediction bioinformatics pipeline (REAL-neo v2.0) was performed to identify and prioritize neoantigen candidates. Patient underwent lymphodepletion with cyclophosphamide followed by vaccine administration on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 20, 40, week 12, and week 20. Patient was also treated with concurrent nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks and cabozantinib 40 mg daily. Objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) were measured. Results: Patient was diagnosed with TFE3-tRCC and underwent nephrectomy prior to developing metastatic disease. He was treated with multiple liver surgeries, ablations, and radiation therapy without systemic therapy. This controlled his disease for 7 years before he required systemic therapy with ipilimumab plus nivolumab. After 4 cycles, imaging showed progression and was started on cabozantinib which controlled his disease for 1 year. Patient was consented for the neoantigen vaccine. Cycle 1 was administered in April 2022. Three liver lesions and 1 periportal lymph node were monitored. After 4 months of therapy, imaging showed partial response with 34% decrease in sum of target lesions. In June 2023, partial response was ongoing with a 57.4% decrease. A 2 nd vaccine series was administered in June 2023 and had stable disease until progression in June 2024 when patient held his cabozantinib for at least 4 weeks. Neoantigen combination therapy achieved a progression-free survival of 26 months and was well tolerated without significant vaccine-related adverse events. Conclusions: Individualized neoantigen vaccine plus nivolumab and cabozantinib achieved a durable partial response with prolonged progression-free survival. A randomized clinical trial is warranted to further evaluate the efficacy of this combination therapy.