IglF mediates type VI secretion system spike assembly and promotes <i>Francisella</i> virulence

M Manon Degabriel (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) E Esteban Guiot (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) M Mélissa Marcotte (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) C Coline Berthollier (Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Microbiologie Moléculaire et Biochimie Structurale, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des protéines, CNRS, UMR 5086, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1) D Diane Soussan (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) L Laure Bataille C Clémence Journeau (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) A Adrien Ducret (Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry) S Sarah Dayet (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) A Amandine Mosnier (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) A Amandine Martin (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) V Virginie Gueguen-Chaignon (Structure Fédérative de Recherche Biosciences, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UAR3444, Inserm US8, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) S Sandrine Boisset (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon) R Rémi Fronzes (European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, CNRS UMR 5234 Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, Univ. Bordeaux) L Laurent Terradot T Thomas Henry (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon)

Abstract

Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are widely distributed among Gram-negative bacteria, where they mostly act to promote bacterial warfare. Bacteria from the Francisella genus possess T6SSs that phylogenetically diverge from all other T6SSs and constitute the T6SSii subtype. Francisella tularensis, the agent of tularemia, relies on its T6SS to secrete effectors into host cells. Despite the key role of this nanomachine in Francisella virulence, the structure of T6SSii and the mechanism underlying its assembly are still poorly understood. Here, using Francisella novicida , we focused on understanding the structure and assembly of the spike, the most apical T6SS complex coupling effector delivery and membrane-puncturing activity. We solved the structure of the protein of unknown function, IglF, in complex with the N-terminal domain of IglG, the T6SSii PAAR protein. Interaction between IglF and IglG enabled the assembly of a mature T6SS spike complex both in Francisella and in a heterologous expression system. In contrast, disrupting IglF:IglG interactions prevented assembly of the PAAR protein with the central spike complex and invalidated T6SS assembly, as visualized by monitoring T6SS dynamics or secretion. Accordingly, IglF:IglG interactions were required for F. novicida virulence in vitro and in a mouse model of tularemia. Altogether, our findings shed light on the assembly mechanism of the Francisella T6SSii spike complex and its importance in virulence.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 21
Published May 26, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (16)

M

Manon Degabriel

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

E

Esteban Guiot

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

M

Mélissa Marcotte

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

C

Coline Berthollier

Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Microbiologie Moléculaire et Biochimie Structurale, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des protéines, CNRS, UMR 5086, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

D

Diane Soussan

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

L

Laure Bataille

C

Clémence Journeau

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

A

Adrien Ducret

Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry

S

Sarah Dayet

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

A

Amandine Mosnier

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

A

Amandine Martin

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

V

Virginie Gueguen-Chaignon

Structure Fédérative de Recherche Biosciences, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UAR3444, Inserm US8, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

S

Sandrine Boisset

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon

R

Rémi Fronzes

European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, CNRS UMR 5234 Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, Univ. Bordeaux

L

Laurent Terradot

T

Thomas Henry

Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, CNRS UMR5308, UCBL1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon