Hund’s flat band in a frustrated spinel oxide

D Dongjin Oh (Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) A Alexander Hampel (Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute) J Joshua P. Wakefield P Peter C. Moen (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia) S Steef Smit (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia) X Xiangyu Luo (Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) M Marta Zonno (Canadian Light Source, Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard) S Sergey Gorovikov (Canadian Light Source, Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard) M Mats Leandersson (Max IV Laboratory, Lund University) C Craig Polley (Max IV Laboratory, Lund University) A Asish K. Kundu (National Synchrotron Light Source II) A Anil Rajapitamahuni (National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory) E Elio Vescovo (National Synchrotron Light Source II) C Chris Jozwiak (Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) A Aaron Bostwick (Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) E Eli Rotenberg (Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) M Masahiko Isobe (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research) M Manish Verma (Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg) M Matteo Crispino (Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg) M Martin Grundner (Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) F Fabian B. Kugler (Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute) O Olivier Parcollet (Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute) U Ulrich Schollwöck (Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) H Hidenori Takagi (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research) A Andrea Damascelli (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia) G Giorgio Sangiovanni J Joseph G. Checkelsky A Antoine Georges (Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute) R Riccardo Comin

Abstract

Electronic flat bands associated with quenched kinetic energy and heavy electron mass have attracted great interest for promoting strong electronic correlations and emergent phenomena such as high-temperature charge fractionalization and superconductivity. Intense experimental and theoretical research has been devoted to establishing the rich nontrivial metallic and heavy fermion phases intertwined with such localized electronic states. Here, we investigate the transition metal oxide spinel LiV 2 O 4 , an enigmatic heavy fermion compound lacking localized f orbital states. We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and dynamical mean-field theory to reveal a kind of correlation-induced flat band with suppressed interatomic electron hopping arising from intra-atomic Hund’s coupling. The appearance of heavy quasiparticles is ascribed to a proximate orbital-selective Mott state characterized by fluctuating local moments as evidenced by complementary magnetotransport measurements. The spectroscopic fingerprints of long-lived quasiparticles and their disappearance with increasing temperature further support the emergence of a high-temperature “bad” metal state observed in transport data. This work resolves a long-standing puzzle on the origin of heavy fermion behavior and unconventional transport in LiV 2 O 4 . Simultaneously, it opens a path to achieving flat bands through electronic interactions in d -orbital systems with geometrical frustration, potentially enabling the realization of exotic phases of matter such as the fractionalized Fermi liquids.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 45
Published November 11, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (29)

D

Dongjin Oh

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

A

Alexander Hampel

Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute

J

Joshua P. Wakefield

P

Peter C. Moen

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia

S

Steef Smit

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia

X

Xiangyu Luo

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

M

Marta Zonno

Canadian Light Source, Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard

S

Sergey Gorovikov

Canadian Light Source, Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard

M

Mats Leandersson

Max IV Laboratory, Lund University

C

Craig Polley

Max IV Laboratory, Lund University

A

Asish K. Kundu

National Synchrotron Light Source II

A

Anil Rajapitamahuni

National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory

E

Elio Vescovo

National Synchrotron Light Source II

C

Chris Jozwiak

Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

A

Aaron Bostwick

Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

E

Eli Rotenberg

Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

M

Masahiko Isobe

Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research

M

Manish Verma

Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg

M

Matteo Crispino

Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg

M

Martin Grundner

Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

F

Fabian B. Kugler

Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute

O

Olivier Parcollet

Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute

U

Ulrich Schollwöck

Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

H

Hidenori Takagi

Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research

A

Andrea Damascelli

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia

G

Giorgio Sangiovanni

J

Joseph G. Checkelsky

A

Antoine Georges

Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute

R

Riccardo Comin